نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه حقوق جزا و جرم شناسی، دانشکده حقوق، الهیات و علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه آزاد واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه حقوق جزا و جرم شناسی، دانشکده حقوق، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

3 دانشجوی دکتری حقوق جزا و جرم دانشگاه آزاد تهران مرکز. سرپرست مجتمع قضایی اوین تهران

چکیده

موفقیت در بازگشت زندانیان به جامعه به عوامل گوناگونی وابسته است که تحقیقات اخیر در این زمینه به آن پرداخته‌اند. یکی از جوانب که تاکنون توسط جرم‌شناسان نادیده گرفته شده است، سواد مالی و ارتباط آن با نرخ تکرار جرم و بازگشت به زندان می‌باشد. فرضیه اصلی این تحقیق این است که سواد مالی به عنوان یکی از مفاهیم مهم اقتصادی، معکوساً با نرخ تکرار جرم در ارتباط است. افراد با سواد مالی بهتر، قادر به مدیریت مناسب ثروت و بهبود وضعیت اقتصادی خود هستند که این ممکن است باعث کاهش احتمال ارتکاب جرم، به‌ویژه جرایم مرتبط با نیازهای اقتصادی، گردد. از تحلیل واریانس و ضریب همبستگی پیرسون به منظور بررسی فرضیات فرعی و اصلی استفاده شده است.تحقیق با استفاده از آزمون شاپیرو ویلک بر روی نمونه جامعه انجام شده و تمامی مراحل با استفاده از نرم افزار SPSS24 اجرا گردیده است.یافته‌های حاصل از پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که بین متغیرهای مورد بررسی، از جمله سطح تحصیلات، سن و تاهل با سواد مالی رابطه مثبت و معناداری وجود دارد. همچنین نتایج نشان می‌دهد که رابطه بین سواد مالی و نرخ تکرار جرم و بازگشت به زندان از نوع معکوس است.این تحقیق همچنین نشان می‌دهد که مجرمین کلاهبردار نسبت به سارقین، سطح سواد بالاتری دارند. به نظر می‌رسد که آموزش سواد مالی و اقتصادی در کنار آموزش مهارت‌های شغلی، بخش قابل‌توجهی از برنامه‌های آزادسازی مؤثر است. این آموزش به زندانیان مهارت‌های لازم برای مدیریت امور مالی محدود را ارائه می‌دهد و مانع قرارگرفتن آن‌ها در مسیر شکست بلافاصله پس از آزادی می‌شود.

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