نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشگاه شیراز
2 دانشگاه امام صادق (ع)
چکیده
«تنزیل اسناد تجاری» یکی از شیوه های مرسوم تأمین مالی در بانکداری دنیاست. به دلیل برخی شبهات و ایرادات شرعی، استفاده از این شیوه در بانکداری اسلامی با چالش‌هایی رو به رو بوده است. به همین دلیل، بررسی ماهیت تنزیل اسناد تجاری جهت تعیین شرایط و آثار حاکم بر آن، ضروری است. در این مقاله، دیدگاه های مختلف فقهی و حقوقی در خصوص ماهیت تنزیل اسناد تجاری، مورد بررسی، نقد و تحلیل قرار گرفته است. همچنین تلاش شده با رویکردی جامع و با توجه به ویژگی تجاری بودن این اسناد و با در نظر گرفتن مقررات و دستورالعمل‌های بانکی کشور، تحلیل جامعی از ماهیت تنزیل اسناد تجاری در نظام بانکی ارائه شود و شرایط آن مورد بررسی قرار گیرد. درمجموع می توان چنین نتیجه گرفت که تنزیل اسناد تجاری در بانکداری اسلامی در قالب عقد «خرید دین»، قابل‌تحلیل است. از یک سو این تحلیل با ماهیت واقعی تنزیل در نظام بانکی و نیز ماهیت اسناد تجاری و مقررات حاکم بر آن سازگار است و از سوی دیگر با قول مشهور فقهای امامیه نیز انطباق دارد.
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