Legal and economic analysis of surface runoff losses and how to compensate

Document Type : Scientific research

Author

Ali Roohizadeh

Assistant Professor at Islamic Azad University, Parand and Robat karim Branch

https://doi.org/10.22067/economlaw.2022.72149.1082

Abstract

Nowadays surface runoff pollution as a crisis of human societies, has forced most countries to seek legal solutions to solve this phenomenon, the most important of which is the establishment of civil liability in this area. Although, according to economic analysis, compensation can not have much effect on optimal deterrence, nevertheless, its effect on reducing water pollution can not be denied.

This study, after a comprehensive review of available sources and then analyzing the findings, has concluded that the mere existence of pollution causes harm, so it is sufficient to determine the causality relationship between the pollution and its actor in order to establish civil liability; In addition, the government can be held liable for damages, both in terms of supervision and ownership, and by providing a broad interpretation of the concept of "beneficiary", it can be said that NGOs are considered "beneficiaries" in making such claims and assuming victory in litigation, compensation can be used for sustainable development.

Finally, according to the model of sustainable development in the economy, the production of goods is not only a subordinate of labor and capital, but must also be considered in the production process, materials and environmental goods such as water. Therefore, from the perspective of environmental economics, water pollution is considered as a cost of production or consumption, and the higher this cost, the optimal production and economic growth will not be a subordinate of sustainable development.

Keywords

Optimal deterrence

Pollution

Loss

Compensation

Surface Runoff

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©2022 The author(s). This is an open access article distributed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0)

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