نقش شفافیت در پیشگیری از جرایم اقتصادی

نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی

نویسنده

مجید صادق نژاد نائینی

استادیار گروه حقوق، دانشکده حقوق، دانشگاه حکیم سبزواری، سبزوار، ایران.

https://doi.org/10.22067/economlaw.2024.86561.1346

چکیده

یکی از مهمترین راهکارهای پیشگیری از جرایم اقتصادی، شفاف‌سازی نظام اقتصادی و نهادینه‌سازی بحث شفافیت است. از شفافیت تعریف‌های متعدد و متنوعی صورت گرفته است که این تنوع ناشی از ذوق، دریافت و تخصص ارائه‌کنندگان تعریف بوده است. زیرا شفافیت در امور مختلف سیاسی، اقتصادی و اداری مدنظر پژوهشگران قرار گرفته و به همین، دلیل هر کدام از این دانشمندان بنا بر تخصص و رشتۀ مطالعاتی خود به تعریفی از این اصل پرداخته‌اند. منظور از شفافیت در این مقاله، شفافیت اقتصادی و مالی در ابعاد مختلف آن است. توضیح آنکه، یکی از مهم ترین مسائلی که در فضای اقتصادی دنیا به عنوان یک پیش فرض وجود دارد شفافیت اطلاعات است. دارایی ها و اطلاعات مردم, شرکت ها, سرمایه داران, دولتمردان, فعالان مختلف اقتصادی همه و همه در اختیار دولت ها قرار دارد. با این اطلاعات است که دولت ها می توانند اقتصاد را در کنترل خود داشته باشند. اصل شفافیت نقش کلیدی و بنیادین در پیشگیری از جرایم اقتصادی دارد و در واقع از مصادیق تدابیر پیشگیرانه وضعی و موقعیتی است که سبب می‌گردد تا زمینه‌های ارتکاب جرم از بین رفته و یا کاهش یابند. در این نوشتار با روش تحلیلی تفسیری به بررسی و تحلیل نقش اصل شفافیت در پیشگیری از جرایم اقتصادی خواهیم پرداخت و یافته‌ها حاکی از آنست که ارتقای این شاخص باعث کاهش فرصت‌های ارتکاب جرم شده و نظارت و اعتماد عمومی نسبت به حاکمیت را به دنبال داشته و مشارکت همگانی (مردم و دولت) برای مبارزه با فساد را تقویت خواهد کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

اصل شفافیت

جرایم اقتصادی

نظام اقتصادی ایران

پیشگیری وضعی

جرایم شرکتی

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©2024 The author(s). This is an open access article distributed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0)

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