نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 استادیار رشته مدیریت دولتی، دانشگاه جامع امام حسین (ع)، تهران، ایران
2 دانشیار گروه مدیریت قضائی، دانشگاه علوم قضائی و خدمات اداری، تهران، ایران
3 دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت دولتی دانشگاه جامع امام حسین علیه السلام
چکیده
مداخله حقوقی در حوزه‌ی اقتصاد، مقررات‌گذاری و نهاد دولتی، تنها تعریف، ابزار و نهاد در حوزه‌ی تنظیم‌گری نیستند؛ به‌خصوص اگر ریشه‌ی برخی از مسائل و مفاهیم مرتبط با حوزه‌ی تنظیم‌گری را بتوان در حوزه‌ی علمی رشته‌های دیگری غیر از حقوق و اقتصاد، جستجو نمود. هدف از انجام پژوهش حاضر، شناسایی گستره‌ی علمی، مفهومی، ابزاری و نهادی در حوزه‌ی تنظیم‌گری از طریق مطالعه‌ی منابع کتاب‌خانه‌ای و به روش توصیفی–تحلیلی و همچنین ارزیابی مقالات علمی–پژوهشی داخلی بین سال‌های 2020 الی 2023 در حوزه‌ی تنظیم‌گری به روش مرور انتقادی بود. نتایج حاصل از مطالعه‌ی ادبیات نظری و پژوهشی نشان داد: تنظیم‌گری جامع‌نگر به معنای «فراگَرد تکوین ضوابط و قاعده‌مند نمودن رفتارهای عمومی» است؛ یعنی چرخه‌ای که با شناسایی و تعریف استانداردهای تنظیم‌گری، متناسب با اهداف حکمرانی، مبتنی بر اصول، نهادها و هنجارهای جامعه، برای تنظیم‌گری رفتار مقامات سیاسی، مدیران دولتی و خصوصی و مردم آغاز می‌شود؛ و با به‌کارگیری ابزار و مکانیسم‌های ابتکاری، اجرایی می‌گردد. ارزیابی 43 مقاله منتخب نشان داد؛ علی‌رغم تاثیر علوم مختلف در حوزه‌ی تنظیم‌گری، 72% کل مقالات از رشته‌ی حقوق بهره برده‌اند و 16 مقاله یعنی 37% کل مقالات نیز با رویکرد علم اقتصاد به نگارش درآمده‌اند. در 26 مقاله یعنی 60% کل مقالات، تنظیم‌گری معادل مقررات‌گذاری تعریف شده است. 29 مقاله، یعنی 67% کل مقالات، قانون و مقررات را تنها ابزار تنظیم‌گری در نظر گرفته‌اند. در 37 مقاله یعنی 86% کل مقالات، نهادهای دولتی به عنوان نهاد تنظیم‌گر معرفی شده‌اند. درنتیجه برای اصلاح مکانیسم‌های اداره‌ی جامعه؛ تحول علمی، مفهومی، ابزاری و نهادی در تنظیم‌گری، امری ضروری است.
کلیدواژه‌ها
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