Encyclopedia of Economic Law Journal

Keyword Index

A

Aarhus Convention A Critical Analysis of the Legislative Discourse on Green Taxation in Iran, Focusing on the Requirements of the Aarhus Convention (From Fragmented Legislation to Participatory Regulation) [Volume 33, Issue 29, 2026, Pages 155-181]
Abuse of Dominant Position Unilateral Refusal to License Patent: Comparative Review of Competition Law Approaches in American, EU and Iranian Law [Volume 22, Issue 7, 2015]
Abuse of Structure Economic Interpretation of Subsidiary Units Natur and Efficient Access to the Parent Company ( Comparative Study in United States, England and Iran ) [Volume 30, Issue 24, 2023, Pages 129-142]
Access to Information Transparency Principle in Iran’s Public Procurement in the Light of WTO and EU Rules [Volume 27, Issue 18, 2020, Pages 295-324]
Access to Justice Legal Expenses Insurance as a tool for Citizen Empowerment [Volume 25, Issue 13, 2018, Pages 131-150]
Accident Incident and disaster: Review of danger's development and their,s compensate [Volume 20, Issue 3, 2013]
Accredited Investor Legal Strategies for Agency Cost Reduction in Corporations [Volume 24, Issue 12, 2017, Pages 67-112]
Acquisition Feasibility of personal data transfer during mergers and acquisitions [Volume 32, Issue 27, 2025, Pages 133-152]
Acquisition Companies Concept and Scope of External Extension in Corporations [Volume 23, Issue 9, 2016, Pages 134-160]
Act on Wastes Management and Tools of Regulation Efficient-making The Tools of Compare with Externality in Wastes Management Act [Volume 23, Issue 9, 2016, Pages 60-84]
Administrative Justice Court Quantitative Restrictions on the Principle of Freedom of Trade in the light of the Laws and Verdicts of the General Assembly of the Administrative Justice Court [Volume 29, Issue 22, 2022, Pages 111-71]
Adverse Inference Adverse Inference in International Investment Arbitration [Volume 33, Issue 29, 2026, Pages 5-22]
Adversity Ownership and restrictions on land use [Volume 19, Issue 2, 2012]
Advertisement Investigating the Dimensions of Misleading Advertisements in the Validation of Fair Trade: Introducing a Legal-Conceptual Model based on Jurisprudence [Volume 30, Issue 23, 2023, Pages 1-16]
Agency Legal Analysis of the Nature of Letters of Credit [Volume 29, Issue 21, 2022, Pages 85-116]
Agricultural Law Comparative Analysis of Contract Farming in Iran in the Context of Enhancing Economic Efficiency and Sustainable Agricultural Development [Volume 32, Issue 28, 2025, Pages 104-125]
Allocation of economic risk The Nature of Insurer's Liability and its Impact on Selection Method of "Recoupment" and the Principle of Subrogation [Volume 27, Issue 17, 2020, Pages 103-142]
A measure of economic development An analysis on the criterion "Assistance to the economic development of the host state" for realizing the concept of investment contracts under the ICSID Arbitration Convention [Volume 31, Issue 26, 2024, Pages 146-161]
Amicus curiae Feasibility of International Commercial Arbitration for the Resolution of Environmental Disputes [Volume 31, Issue 26, 2024, Pages 102-124]
Antitrust Policy Optimal Cartel Penalty Regime with History Dependency [Volume 20, Issue 3, 2013]
Appeals Court Compensation for deceived person's losses by paying a price difference (Jurisprudential, legal and economic analysis) [Volume 26, Issue 16, 2019, Pages 25-48]
Applicant Legal Analysis and Comparison of the Desirability of Using Transferable and Back-to-Back Letters of Credit in International Contracts [Volume 33, Issue 29, 2026, Pages 23-43]
Appointment of arbitrators Multiparty arbitration in intra-corporate disputes [Volume 29, Issue 21, 2022, Pages 268-302]
Arbitration Utilizing the capacities of the notary in managing the pre-sale process in the light of the theory of "contracting project management" with emphasis on Agency Problem [Volume 29, Issue 22, 2022, Pages 288-257]
Arbitration A comparative study of the principles of international commercial arbitration with an emphasis on the protection of foreign investment [Volume 31, Issue 26, 2024, Pages 1-18]
Armed Conflicts Protecting Essential Interests of the Host State in Investment Claims Arising from Armed Conflicts [Volume 27, Issue 17, 2020, Pages 171-196]
Arsh (indemnity Compensation for deceived person's losses by paying a price difference (Jurisprudential, legal and economic analysis) [Volume 26, Issue 16, 2019, Pages 25-48]
Article 218 of the Civil Code Economic rights of the trade creditors in order to avoid debt [Volume 20, Issue 3, 2013]
Article 256 board Solutions for Reducing the Time of Tax Litigation [Volume 25, Issue 14, 2018, Pages 1-26]
Article 44 A Legal Study of Privatization of Banking System [Volume 27, Issue 18, 2020, Pages 1-28]
Article 52 Analysis of the inclusion or non-inclusion of Article 75 of the Constitution in relation to the budget bill [Volume 28, Issue 19, 2021, Pages 39-110]
Article 75 Analysis of the inclusion or non-inclusion of Article 75 of the Constitution in relation to the budget bill [Volume 28, Issue 19, 2021, Pages 39-110]
Artificial neural network The Role of the Stock Exchange and Securities Brokers Association in Compromise and Reduction of Cases Arbitration Board : the Hybirid Artificial Neural Network and Imperialist Competitive Algorithm [Volume 30, Issue 24, 2023, Pages 191-216]
Artificial neural network Developing a Model for Predicting Judicial Delay Duration Using Artificial Neural Network and Bayesian Regularization Algorithm: Evidence from the Ardabil Bar Association Cases [Volume 32, Issue 28, 2025, Pages 180-210]
Artistic and literary rights Protection of Products Design and Packaging in the Form of Branches of Intellectual Property Rights [Volume 23, Issue 10, 2016, Pages 90-111]
Asset Transfer Feasibility of personal data transfer during mergers and acquisitions [Volume 32, Issue 27, 2025, Pages 133-152]

B

Bail-in Assessing the Legal Challenges of the Bank Resolution Bill from a Comparative Perspective [Volume 32, Issue 28, 2025, Pages 211-229]
Banking Legal Requirements of Private Banking and lnuestigatin Them in Iran Legal System [Volume 19, Issue 1, 2012]
Banking A Legal Study of Privatization of Banking System [Volume 27, Issue 18, 2020, Pages 1-28]
Banking A Pattern for Managing Legal Risks in Iran's Banking Industry [Volume 31, Issue 25, 2024, Pages 233-255]
Banking law A Legal Study of Privatization of Banking System [Volume 27, Issue 18, 2020, Pages 1-28]
Banking Operation Legal and Religious Jurisprudence Study of the Nature of the Commercial Paper Discount with an Emphasis on Banking Regulations [Volume 22, Issue 7, 2015]
Banking Stability Assessing the Legal Challenges of the Bank Resolution Bill from a Comparative Perspective [Volume 32, Issue 28, 2025, Pages 211-229]
Bankrupt businessman An Analysis to Legal Status of Kinds of Bankrupt’s Fictitious and with Conspiracy Transactions; Lack of Complete Coordination between Bankrupt’s Transactions Nullity Causes and Causes of Culpable Bankruptcy [Volume 29, Issue 21, 2022, Pages 117-149]
Bankruptcy Assessing the Legal Challenges of the Bank Resolution Bill from a Comparative Perspective [Volume 32, Issue 28, 2025, Pages 211-229]
Basic rights An analysis of principles, Challenges and strategies to improve the quality of act , with the emphasize on social security legislation [Volume 28, Issue 19, 2021, Pages 258-291]
Bay‘ al-Thamar Comparative Analysis of Contract Farming in Iran in the Context of Enhancing Economic Efficiency and Sustainable Agricultural Development [Volume 32, Issue 28, 2025, Pages 104-125]
Bayesian Rule-Based Algorithm Developing a Model for Predicting Judicial Delay Duration Using Artificial Neural Network and Bayesian Regularization Algorithm: Evidence from the Ardabil Bar Association Cases [Volume 32, Issue 28, 2025, Pages 180-210]
Behavioral Dependence Economic Interpretation of Subsidiary Units Natur and Efficient Access to the Parent Company ( Comparative Study in United States, England and Iran ) [Volume 30, Issue 24, 2023, Pages 129-142]
Beneficiary Legal Analysis and Comparison of the Desirability of Using Transferable and Back-to-Back Letters of Credit in International Contracts [Volume 33, Issue 29, 2026, Pages 23-43]
Bit coin Criminal Functions of Virtual Currencies: Criminological Analysis and Preventive Approaches [Volume 27, Issue 18, 2020, Pages 223-250]
Bitcoin Legal and economic analysis of anti-competitive behaviors in Bitcoin market [Volume 30, Issue 23, 2023, Pages 53-65]
Blockchain A comparative study of exposure to cryptocurrencies in the Iranian and American legal systems [Volume 29, Issue 21, 2022, Pages 150-184]
Blockchain technology Investigating the Legal Aspects of the Initial Coin Offering: The New Method of Financing on the Blockchain Platform in Iran [Volume 30, Issue 24, 2023, Pages 110-128]
Blunt Economic rights of the trade creditors in order to avoid debt [Volume 20, Issue 3, 2013]
Bodily damages supply Fund Economic analysis of the bodily damages supply Fund in the light of "Efficiency" and "Cost-Benefit" principles [Volume 30, Issue 23, 2023, Pages 67-79]
Bodily injury indemnity fund Assessing the financing of the driver compensation system in the light of the Compulsory Insurance Law approved in 2016 [Volume 29, Issue 21, 2022, Pages 423-448]
Breach of Contract Methods of Evaluating the Damages under Iranian and English Legal Systems and International Instruments [Volume 27, Issue 18, 2020, Pages 325-385]
Broker-dealers The legal and jurisprudence nature of brokerage operations in exchange transactions" [Volume 24, Issue 12, 2017, Pages 23-42]
Budget Bill Analysis of the inclusion or non-inclusion of Article 75 of the Constitution in relation to the budget bill [Volume 28, Issue 19, 2021, Pages 39-110]
Building permits Ownership and restrictions on land use [Volume 19, Issue 2, 2012]
Business and Human Rights Corporate Social Responsibility under Iranian Law and European Union Law following the Adoption of the 2024 European Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive [Volume 32, Issue 27, 2025, Pages 217-241]
Business Secrets The effectiveness of legal mechanisms for entrepreneurship development on consumer protection [Volume 28, Issue 19, 2021, Pages 160-185]

C

Camparative law Comparative Study and Analysis of Elements, Results and Aspects of the Financial - Legal of the Securitie's Cross-listing in The Tehran Stock Exchange (Focusing on Islamic Republic of Iran and US law) [Volume 27, Issue 18, 2020, Pages 129-164]
Capital host state Make a counterclaim in treaty-based investment arbitration [Volume 33, Issue 29, 2026, Pages 111-131]
Capital Market A Study of How Tehran Stock Exchange Law Implementation Affects the Behavior of Financial Analysts:( a case study of member companies of the investment industry group accepted into Tehran Stock Exchange) [Volume 23, Issue 9, 2016, Pages 85-112]
Capital Market Rules Governing the Entry and Exit of Foreign Investors in the Iranian Capital Market [Volume 25, Issue 13, 2018, Pages 1-20]
Capital Market Comparative Study and Analysis of Elements, Results and Aspects of the Financial - Legal of the Securitie's Cross-listing in The Tehran Stock Exchange (Focusing on Islamic Republic of Iran and US law) [Volume 27, Issue 18, 2020, Pages 129-164]
Carbon Leakage The EU Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism under the Lens of International Law: Conflicts and Strategies for Developing Countries [Volume 33, Issue 29, 2026, Pages 132-154]
Carrier Claimable Compensations Resulting from International Carriage of Goods by the Road [Volume 20, Issue 4, 2013]
Cartel Optimal Cartel Penalty Regime with History Dependency [Volume 20, Issue 3, 2013]
Cash Jurisprudential Study of Cash Waqf and It's Economic Impacts (Emphasize on Poverty and Employment ) [Volume 19, Issue 1, 2012]
Catastrophe Incident and disaster: Review of danger's development and their,s compensate [Volume 20, Issue 3, 2013]
Central Bank Legal and Economic Analysis of Independence of the Central Bank of the Islamic Republic of Iran [Volume 29, Issue 21, 2022, Pages 50-84]
Central Bank A deliberations on the legal and economical (procedural) principles governing payment systems from the perspective of the CPSS document [Volume 30, Issue 23, 2023, Pages 17-35]
CISG Comparative Analysis of Contract Farming in Iran in the Context of Enhancing Economic Efficiency and Sustainable Agricultural Development [Volume 32, Issue 28, 2025, Pages 104-125]
Civil Code Comparative Analysis of Contract Farming in Iran in the Context of Enhancing Economic Efficiency and Sustainable Agricultural Development [Volume 32, Issue 28, 2025, Pages 104-125]
Civil institution The position of Guilds in Iran's Criminal Policy [Volume 32, Issue 27, 2025, Pages 174-195]
Civil liability Economic and Legal Analysis of Penalty Clause [Volume 20, Issue 4, 2013]
Civil liability Legal and economic analysis of civil liability for violation of legal disclosure requirements in the securities market [Volume 26, Issue 16, 2019, Pages 145-168]
Civil liability The civil liability for disclosure of Commercial Secrets by the former worker [Volume 27, Issue 17, 2020, Pages 241-261]
Civil liability Establishing Causation in civil liability lawsuits derived from violation of the securities market disclosure requirements (with a comparative study of US and French law) [Volume 27, Issue 18, 2020, Pages 165-202]
Civil liability insurance Economic analysis of civil liability insurance of employer for employees emphasizing the regulation No. 80 of the Supreme Council of Insurance. [Volume 24, Issue 11, 2017, Pages 107-131]
Civil Responsibility Incident and disaster: Review of danger's development and their,s compensate [Volume 20, Issue 3, 2013]
Clause penalty Economic and Legal Analysis of Penalty Clause [Volume 20, Issue 4, 2013]
Climate change Green economy: a step towards sustainable development in international law [Volume 21, Issue 6, 2014]
Climate change The Obligations of Transnational Corporations to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions in the Framework of Market-Based Mechanisms With an Emphasis on Judicial Procedure (From the Jonah Gamber Decision to Advisory Opinions) [Volume 32, Issue 28, 2025, Pages 126-153]
Climate Commitments The EU Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism under the Lens of International Law: Conflicts and Strategies for Developing Countries [Volume 33, Issue 29, 2026, Pages 132-154]
Climate Justice Green Economy through the Lens of International Human Rights Law: A Sustainable and Responsible Approach [Volume 32, Issue 28, 2025, Pages 62-85]
CMR convention Claimable Compensations Resulting from International Carriage of Goods by the Road [Volume 20, Issue 4, 2013]
Codes of Conduct Analysis Previous actions of the contractor to reduce environmental risks in upstream oil contracts [Volume 30, Issue 23, 2023, Pages 117-131]
Coexistence Vectors An Analysis of the Factors Influencing the Illegal Economy in Iran [Volume 32, Issue 27, 2025, Pages 73-94]
Cognitive Bias The role of Loss Aversion Cognitive Bias and its Results in Iran's Liability System Based on The Prospect Theory [Volume 29, Issue 22, 2022, Pages 177-143]
Cognitive Bias Cognitive Errors in Judicial Decision-Making from a Behavioral Law and Economics Perspective [Volume 32, Issue 27, 2025, Pages 95-112]
Commerce Act An Analysis to Legal Status of Kinds of Bankrupt’s Fictitious and with Conspiracy Transactions; Lack of Complete Coordination between Bankrupt’s Transactions Nullity Causes and Causes of Culpable Bankruptcy [Volume 29, Issue 21, 2022, Pages 117-149]
Commercial Advertisements Unsolicited Commercial Message (Spam): Prohibited or Permitted? [Volume 30, Issue 24, 2023, Pages 63-78]
Commercial Paper Legal and Religious Jurisprudence Study of the Nature of the Commercial Paper Discount with an Emphasis on Banking Regulations [Volume 22, Issue 7, 2015]
Common Foreign and Security Policy EU ٍEconomic Sanctions: Legitimacy, Enforcement Mechanisms, and Legal Challenges [Volume 31, Issue 26, 2024, Pages 220-238]
Company Employees A Comparative Study of the Effects of Takeover on Directors and Shareholders in England and Iranian Law [Volume 29, Issue 22, 2022, Pages 208-179]
Company Managers A Comparative Study of the Effects of Takeover on Directors and Shareholders in England and Iranian Law [Volume 29, Issue 22, 2022, Pages 208-179]
Company’s executive organ A Legal Analysis to the Principle of Mere Allocation of Company’s Executive Organ to the Executive Director (Manager) [Volume 23, Issue 10, 2016, Pages 39-69]
Company Shareholders A Comparative Study of the Effects of Takeover on Directors and Shareholders in England and Iranian Law [Volume 29, Issue 22, 2022, Pages 208-179]
Comparative advertising Comparative Commercial Advertising [Volume 22, Issue 8, 2015, Pages 97-123]
Compensable loss Economic analysis of civil responsibility elements [Volume 30, Issue 24, 2023, Pages 19-38]
Compensation Incident and disaster: Review of danger's development and their,s compensate [Volume 20, Issue 3, 2013]
Compensation Claimable Compensations Resulting from International Carriage of Goods by the Road [Volume 20, Issue 4, 2013]
Compensation Legal and economic analysis of surface runoff losses and how to compensate [Volume 29, Issue 21, 2022, Pages 380-422]
Compensation Economic analysis of civil responsibility elements [Volume 30, Issue 24, 2023, Pages 19-38]
Compensation Reduction Environmental Liability of Foreign Investors and Its Impact on the Reduction of State Liability for Compensation [Volume 32, Issue 28, 2025, Pages 154-179]
Compensatory Damages Legal and Economic Analysis of Punitive Damages [Volume 24, Issue 11, 2017, Pages 132-159]
Competency. An article of constitution two economic system; principle 44 of the constitution an example of informal constitutional change [Volume 28, Issue 20, 2021, Pages 249-269]
Competition Criminal Policy of Law of Enforcing General Policies of Article 44 of the Constitution [Volume 21, Issue 5, 2014]
Competition Transparency Principle in Iran’s Public Procurement in the Light of WTO and EU Rules [Volume 27, Issue 18, 2020, Pages 295-324]
Competition Council Efficient Criteria for Identifying Dominant Position in Digital Platforms: A Comparative Study in the European Union [Volume 32, Issue 27, 2025, Pages 196-216]
Competitive advantage Theoretical and Empirical Analysis of the Impact of the Rule of Law and the Contracts Enforcement on the Creation of export Advantage [Volume 28, Issue 19, 2021, Pages 186-213]
Comprehensive Regulation Explaining the necessity of a comprehensive regulation, based on a critical review of internal scientific-research articles (2020-2023) [Volume 31, Issue 26, 2024, Pages 75-101]
Comptition Law Tying Clause in a Franchise Contract from the View of Competition Law: A Comparative Study in Iran and US Law [Volume 23, Issue 10, 2016, Pages 21-38]
Compulsory License Unilateral Refusal to License Patent: Comparative Review of Competition Law Approaches in American, EU and Iranian Law [Volume 22, Issue 7, 2015]
Compulsory third party insurance The approach of the Iranian penal system to Fraudulent use of insurance benefits (Comparison of Social Security Law with Compulsory Third Party Insurance Law2016) [Volume 28, Issue 19, 2021, Pages 1-36]
Conciliation Committee The Role of the Stock Exchange and Securities Brokers Association in Compromise and Reduction of Cases Arbitration Board : the Hybirid Artificial Neural Network and Imperialist Competitive Algorithm [Volume 30, Issue 24, 2023, Pages 191-216]
Confidentiality The Position of Transparency in the Recent Developments of Arbitration Based on Investment Treaties [Volume 29, Issue 22, 2022, Pages 42-1]
Confidentiality Feasibility of International Commercial Arbitration for the Resolution of Environmental Disputes [Volume 31, Issue 26, 2024, Pages 102-124]
Confiscation of Property Economic Analysis of Criminal Sanction in Drug Crimes: A Case Study of Convicts in Mashhad [Volume 30, Issue 24, 2023, Pages 143-153]
Conflict of interest The Causes of Bankruptcy in the US Enron Company with Emphasis on American Corporates Law [Volume 22, Issue 7, 2015]
Conflict of interest The approach of Iran's judicial system to the disclosure of information in listed companies [Volume 30, Issue 23, 2023, Pages 147-162]
Constitutional Economics An analysis of the Constitutional Political Economy and Its Relation to Legal Discourse: Explaining the Distinction of Fundamental Concepts in the Framework of Interdisciplinary Studies [Volume 32, Issue 27, 2025, Pages 153-173]
Constitutionalism Constitutionalization of Sustainable Production and Consumption [Volume 26, Issue 15, 2019, Pages 10-136]
Constitutional Political Economy An analysis of the Constitutional Political Economy and Its Relation to Legal Discourse: Explaining the Distinction of Fundamental Concepts in the Framework of Interdisciplinary Studies [Volume 32, Issue 27, 2025, Pages 153-173]
Consumer rights Fundamental Rights of Consumers (A Comparative Study of Iranian Consumers Rights Protection Act, and the European Union's Regulations and the Guidelines of the United Nations) [Volume 19, Issue 1, 2012]
Consumer’s Rights A Comparative Study of Consumer Protection in Electronic Funds Transactions [Volume 21, Issue 5, 2014]
Contract Protection of Creditors against Contracts that Debtors conclude them with the Intention of Escape from the Payment of Their Debts [Volume 19, Issue 1, 2012, Pages 119-147]
Contract The Remedy of Contracts with Illegal Purpose as a Means to Protect Traditional and Economic Public Policy [Volume 23, Issue 9, 2016, Pages 1-29]
Contract Legal Analysis of the Nature of Letters of Credit [Volume 29, Issue 21, 2022, Pages 85-116]
Contract Farming Comparative Analysis of Contract Farming in Iran in the Context of Enhancing Economic Efficiency and Sustainable Agricultural Development [Volume 32, Issue 28, 2025, Pages 104-125]
Contracting management project Utilizing the capacities of the notary in managing the pre-sale process in the light of the theory of "contracting project management" with emphasis on Agency Problem [Volume 29, Issue 22, 2022, Pages 288-257]
Contract law legal and economic Analysis of applicable legal rules on license contract (Examination of US legal System approach to present guidance for Iranian Legal system [Volume 28, Issue 19, 2021, Pages 64-87]
Contract remedies Economic analysis of contract remedies: The Theory of Efficient breach of contract [Volume 26, Issue 16, 2019, Pages 49-74]
Contracts Efficiency and Security Economical and legal analysis of article 1 of the mandatory formal registration of immovable propertie [Volume 31, Issue 26, 2024, Pages 162-184]
Contractual Conflicts Analysis of Public-Private Partnership Models in the Production of Electric Energy in Water Transmission Lines (Conflicts Resolving by Game Theory Approach) [Volume 31, Issue 25, 2024, Pages 140-166]
Contractual Disclosure The Foundations of Dutyto Disclose theInformation on Securities Transactions [Volume 24, Issue 12, 2017, Pages 139-174]
Contractual frame Analysis and assessment of warranty of validity in license contract [Volume 27, Issue 17, 2020, Pages 25-44]
Contractual securities Analysis of contractual securities from the perspective economic law [Volume 30, Issue 23, 2023, Pages 133-146]
Cooperation Agreement The Requirements of Combatting Money-Laundering in Iranian Criminal Law in the Light of Transnational Criminal Law [Volume 25, Issue 14, 2018, Pages 121-156]
Cooperative Chambers Critical Analysis of Legislative Gaps and Legal Ambiguities in the Governance Structure of Cooperative Companies in Iran [Volume 32, Issue 28, 2025, Pages 25-39]
Cooperative Law Critical Analysis of Legislative Gaps and Legal Ambiguities in the Governance Structure of Cooperative Companies in Iran [Volume 32, Issue 28, 2025, Pages 25-39]
Cooperative Territoriality Vagueness in International Insolvency; In Search of Proper Theory [Volume 20, Issue 3, 2013]
Copula The Influence of Inflation and Economic Inequality in Increasing the Crime of Theft (Copula Approach) [Volume 30, Issue 24, 2023, Pages 79-96]
Corporate governance system The Causes of Bankruptcy in the US Enron Company with Emphasis on American Corporates Law [Volume 22, Issue 7, 2015]
Corporation The Causes of Bankruptcy in the US Enron Company with Emphasis on American Corporates Law [Volume 22, Issue 7, 2015]
Corruption Smuggling by False Statements and Documents in Iranian Criminal Law [Volume 23, Issue 9, 2016, Pages 30-59]
Corruption Privatization in the face of corruption in Iran's economy; evaluation of the efficiency of preventive surveillance [Volume 29, Issue 21, 2022, Pages 231-267]
Cost The criminal policy of Iran and England in reducing crime costs [Volume 30, Issue 24, 2023, Pages 154-168]
Costly Screen Theory The Theoretical Foundations of the End of Financial Rights Arising from Inventions: An Economic Approach [Volume 32, Issue 28, 2025, Pages 230-249]
Counter-Terrorism Financing (CTF) Improvement of effectiveness and efficiency of the Counter-Terrorism Financing (CTF) system by approval of the Risk Based Supervision (RBS) in the sector of Financial Institutions (FIs) [Volume 27, Issue 17, 2020, Pages 217-240]
CPSS document A deliberations on the legal and economical (procedural) principles governing payment systems from the perspective of the CPSS document [Volume 30, Issue 23, 2023, Pages 17-35]
Creation of security right Digital assets as security [Volume 31, Issue 26, 2024, Pages 125-145]
Crime Investigating the Relationship Between Economic Development and Crime in Iran [Volume 21, Issue 5, 2014]
Crime The position of Guilds in Iran's Criminal Policy [Volume 32, Issue 27, 2025, Pages 174-195]
Crime Prevention Efficiency and Effectiveness of Content Refinement: An Economic Analysis of Law [Volume 30, Issue 24, 2023, Pages 169-185]
Crime Recidivism Assessment of Financial Literacy Levels among Prisoners and its Impact on Crime Recidivism and Return to Prison [Volume 30, Issue 24, 2023, Pages 39-62]
Criminal Justice Statistical study of the challenges facing Iran's criminal justice policy regarding economic crimes [Volume 33, Issue 29, 2026, Pages 91-110]
Criminal Justice System Studying The Optimal Distribution of Resources in The Criminal Justice System of The Islamic Republic of Iran in The Light of The Experiences of Other Countries [Volume 31, Issue 25, 2024, Pages 183-212]
Criminological study Criminal Functions of Virtual Currencies: Criminological Analysis and Preventive Approaches [Volume 27, Issue 18, 2020, Pages 223-250]
Critical Review Explaining the necessity of a comprehensive regulation, based on a critical review of internal scientific-research articles (2020-2023) [Volume 31, Issue 26, 2024, Pages 75-101]
Cross-listing (Dual-listing) of Securities Comparative Study and Analysis of Elements, Results and Aspects of the Financial - Legal of the Securitie's Cross-listing in The Tehran Stock Exchange (Focusing on Islamic Republic of Iran and US law) [Volume 27, Issue 18, 2020, Pages 129-164]
Crowdsourcing The challenges of Crowdsourcing as one of the ways to realize participatory democracy in Iran's administrative law system [Volume 31, Issue 26, 2024, Pages 40-55]
Cultural Heritage Treasure and heritage property law and statute law in Iran [Volume 21, Issue 6, 2014]
Custody Agreement On Divorce In The Shadow Of Law: An Economic Analysis On The Negotiation Of Couples In Consensual Divorce In Iranian Legal System [Volume 32, Issue 28, 2025, Pages 5-24]
Customary Criterion Challenges of the Distinction Criteria between Evident Deception and Grosser Fraud in the Unanimous Verdict of 821 from a Legal-Economic Standpoint [Volume 31, Issue 26, 2024, Pages 56-74]
Customs Crime Smuggling by False Statements and Documents in Iranian Criminal Law [Volume 23, Issue 9, 2016, Pages 30-59]
Customs Law The Concept of "Substantial Transformation" in Rules of Origin, with a Focus on the World Trade Organization (Wto) Agreement On Rules of Origin [Volume 31, Issue 25, 2024, Pages 98-122]
Customs Smuggling Smuggling by False Statements and Documents in Iranian Criminal Law [Volume 23, Issue 9, 2016, Pages 30-59]

D

Damage The Nature of Insurer's Liability and its Impact on Selection Method of "Recoupment" and the Principle of Subrogation [Volume 27, Issue 17, 2020, Pages 77-102]
Damages Methods of Evaluating the Damages under Iranian and English Legal Systems and International Instruments [Volume 27, Issue 18, 2020, Pages 325-385]
Data Access A Competition Law Assessment of Entry Barriers in Digital Markets with an Emphasis on the Role of Big Data [Volume 33, Issue 29, 2026, Pages 205-222]
Data Ownership Feasibility of personal data transfer during mergers and acquisitions [Volume 32, Issue 27, 2025, Pages 133-152]
Debt Purchase Legal and Religious Jurisprudence Study of the Nature of the Commercial Paper Discount with an Emphasis on Banking Regulations [Volume 22, Issue 7, 2015]
Deferential Review Explaining the Standard of Review of WTO Dispute Settlement Body [Volume 25, Issue 13, 2018, Pages 69-100]
Delay Claimable Compensations Resulting from International Carriage of Goods by the Road [Volume 20, Issue 4, 2013]
Deterrence Theory Study of the optimal deterrence and the gain elimination theories on punitive damages in tort cases (emphasizing on the United States Jurisprudence) [Volume 21, Issue 6, 2014]
Differential Game Optimal Cartel Penalty Regime with History Dependency [Volume 20, Issue 3, 2013]
Digital ecosystems The Effects of Metaverse Features on Antitrust Analysis of Market Power [Volume 31, Issue 25, 2024, Pages 123-139]
Digital platforms The Effects of Metaverse Features on Antitrust Analysis of Market Power [Volume 31, Issue 25, 2024, Pages 123-139]
Director Liability Critical Analysis of Legislative Gaps and Legal Ambiguities in the Governance Structure of Cooperative Companies in Iran [Volume 32, Issue 28, 2025, Pages 25-39]
Disclosure The civil liability for disclosure of Commercial Secrets by the former worker [Volume 27, Issue 17, 2020, Pages 241-261]
Disclosure of Information Legal Strategies for Agency Cost Reduction in Corporations [Volume 24, Issue 12, 2017, Pages 67-112]
Disclosure of Information Legal and economic analysis of civil liability for violation of legal disclosure requirements in the securities market [Volume 26, Issue 16, 2019, Pages 145-168]
Discount Legal and Religious Jurisprudence Study of the Nature of the Commercial Paper Discount with an Emphasis on Banking Regulations [Volume 22, Issue 7, 2015]
Discretion of the Arbitrator Adverse Inference in International Investment Arbitration [Volume 33, Issue 29, 2026, Pages 5-22]
Disruption in the economic system Investigating the effect of the personality of white-collar criminals in predicting the differential trial of economic crimes (analyzing the attitude of society's elites) [Volume 30, Issue 23, 2023, Pages 37-52]
Disruption to the Economic System The Crime of Proceeds of front Running in Exchanges: An Obstacle for Efficiency of Capital Market [Volume 28, Issue 19, 2021, Pages 214-235]
Distinction between Contracts under their Subjects Investigating the Efficiency of the Precedence of Enforcement to Specific Performance over the Termination of Contract within Iranian and American Law [Volume 24, Issue 11, 2017, Pages 84-106]
Distributive justice Economic Analysis of Tax and Subsidy Policies and Regulations in Iranian Financial Markets with a Distributive Justice Approach Based on Kaldor–Hicks Efficiency Theory [Volume 29, Issue 22, 2022, Pages 142-113]
Divorce by Mutual Consent Agreement On Divorce In The Shadow Of Law: An Economic Analysis On The Negotiation Of Couples In Consensual Divorce In Iranian Legal System [Volume 32, Issue 28, 2025, Pages 5-24]
Domination Ownership and restrictions on land use [Volume 19, Issue 2, 2012]
Driver Accident Insurance Assessing the financing of the driver compensation system in the light of the Compulsory Insurance Law approved in 2016 [Volume 29, Issue 21, 2022, Pages 423-448]
Drug Crimes Economic Analysis of Criminal Sanction in Drug Crimes: A Case Study of Convicts in Mashhad [Volume 30, Issue 24, 2023, Pages 143-153]
Due process of law Multiparty arbitration in intra-corporate disputes [Volume 29, Issue 21, 2022, Pages 268-302]
Duty to Disclose the Information The Foundations of Dutyto Disclose theInformation on Securities Transactions [Volume 24, Issue 12, 2017, Pages 139-174]

E

Economic Access Economic Interpretation of Subsidiary Units Natur and Efficient Access to the Parent Company ( Comparative Study in United States, England and Iran ) [Volume 30, Issue 24, 2023, Pages 129-142]
Economical analysis Analysis of contractual securities from the perspective economic law [Volume 30, Issue 23, 2023, Pages 133-146]
Economical public policy The Remedy of Contracts with Illegal Purpose as a Means to Protect Traditional and Economic Public Policy [Volume 23, Issue 9, 2016, Pages 1-29]
Economic Analys Apparent Ownership [Volume 23, Issue 9, 2016, Pages 113-134]
Economic Analysis Compensation for deceived person's losses by paying a price difference (Jurisprudential, legal and economic analysis) [Volume 26, Issue 16, 2019, Pages 25-48]
Economic Analysis Economic Analysis of the Transaction Intended to Escape from Payment in the Iranian Legal System [Volume 27, Issue 18, 2020, Pages 203-222]
Economic Analysis Economic analysis of the bodily damages supply Fund in the light of "Efficiency" and "Cost-Benefit" principles [Volume 30, Issue 23, 2023, Pages 67-79]
Economic Analysis Economical and legal analysis of article 1 of the mandatory formal registration of immovable propertie [Volume 31, Issue 26, 2024, Pages 162-184]
Economic Analysis Agreement On Divorce In The Shadow Of Law: An Economic Analysis On The Negotiation Of Couples In Consensual Divorce In Iranian Legal System [Volume 32, Issue 28, 2025, Pages 5-24]
Economic Analysis, Efficiency Investigating the Efficiency of the Precedence of Enforcement to Specific Performance over the Termination of Contract within Iranian and American Law [Volume 24, Issue 11, 2017, Pages 84-106]
Economic Analysis of Punishment Economic Analysis of Criminal Sanction in Drug Crimes: A Case Study of Convicts in Mashhad [Volume 30, Issue 24, 2023, Pages 143-153]
Economic Behavior Government intervention in unfair terms based on economic analysis of contracts [Volume 27, Issue 18, 2020, Pages 275-294]
Economic Complexity A Dynamic Model for Investigating the Relationship between Intellectual Property Rights and Economic Complexity: A Study of the New Knowledge-Based Innovation Indicator [Volume 25, Issue 14, 2018, Pages 157-188]
Economic Consideration TheChallenge of Theoretical and Practical Status of Human Rights in the System of the World Bank [Volume 25, Issue 13, 2018, Pages 101-130]
Economic Crime Smuggling by False Statements and Documents in Iranian Criminal Law [Volume 23, Issue 9, 2016, Pages 30-59]
Economic crimes Investigating the effect of the personality of white-collar criminals in predicting the differential trial of economic crimes (analyzing the attitude of society's elites) [Volume 30, Issue 23, 2023, Pages 37-52]
Economic crimes The role of transparency in preventing economic crimes [Volume 31, Issue 25, 2024, Pages 57-79]
Economic crimes Statistical study of the challenges facing Iran's criminal justice policy regarding economic crimes [Volume 33, Issue 29, 2026, Pages 91-110]
Economic Efficiency Bodily Injury Fund Economic analysis of the bodily damages supply Fund in the light of "Efficiency" and "Cost-Benefit" principles [Volume 30, Issue 23, 2023, Pages 67-79]
Economic Factors An Analysis of the Factors Influencing the Illegal Economy in Iran [Volume 32, Issue 27, 2025, Pages 73-94]
Economic Freedom Quantitative Restrictions on the Principle of Freedom of Trade in the light of the Laws and Verdicts of the General Assembly of the Administrative Justice Court [Volume 29, Issue 22, 2022, Pages 111-71]
Economic Growth The Implication of Competition Law Enforcement on Economic Growth in Developing Countries [Volume 20, Issue 3, 2013]
Economic Growth The effect of Intellectual Property Protection on Economic Growth [Volume 20, Issue 4, 2013]
Economic Growth Investigating the Relationship Between Economic Development and Crime in Iran [Volume 21, Issue 5, 2014]
Economic Growth An Investigation of the Impact of Institutional Variable of Rule of Law on Economic Growth in D-8 Countries [Volume 21, Issue 5, 2014]
Economic Growth Implications of Violation of Property Rights on Investment Decisions [Volume 28, Issue 19, 2021, Pages 111-133]
Economic Growth An Analysis of the Factors Influencing the Illegal Economy in Iran [Volume 32, Issue 27, 2025, Pages 73-94]
Economic Improvement Assessment of Financial Literacy Levels among Prisoners and its Impact on Crime Recidivism and Return to Prison [Volume 30, Issue 24, 2023, Pages 39-62]
Economic inequality The impact of economic inequality on trade dependence in developing countries [Volume 32, Issue 28, 2025, Pages 40-61]
Economic justice The Typology of Muslim Scholars in the Theory of Economic Justice [Volume 24, Issue 12, 2017, Pages 1-22]
Economic Law Risk A Pattern for Managing Legal Risks in Iran's Banking Industry [Volume 31, Issue 25, 2024, Pages 233-255]
Economic man Concept of “Economic Man” in Economic Approach to Law: An Explanation and a Critique [Volume 19, Issue 2, 2012]
Economic public order Confronting Monopoly by Imposing Limitations on the Contractual freedom: A Case Study of Iranian Law [Volume 26, Issue 16, 2019, Pages 75-102]
Economic system Privatization in the face of corruption in Iran's economy; evaluation of the efficiency of preventive surveillance [Volume 29, Issue 21, 2022, Pages 231-267]
Education Investigating the Relationship Between Economic Development and Crime in Iran [Volume 21, Issue 5, 2014]
Effectiveness Efficiency and Effectiveness of Content Refinement: An Economic Analysis of Law [Volume 30, Issue 24, 2023, Pages 169-185]
Effectiveness of security right Digital assets as security [Volume 31, Issue 26, 2024, Pages 125-145]
Effective Protection The Role of Class Actions in Supporting the Consumer Rights [Volume 24, Issue 11, 2017, Pages 1-24]
Efficiency Economic Analysis of the Foundations of the Numerus Clausus of Property Rights Principle [Volume 27, Issue 18, 2020, Pages 81-102]
Efficiency Economic Analysis of the Transaction Intended to Escape from Payment in the Iranian Legal System [Volume 27, Issue 18, 2020, Pages 203-222]
Efficiency Efficiency and Effectiveness of Content Refinement: An Economic Analysis of Law [Volume 30, Issue 24, 2023, Pages 169-185]
Efficiency Market The Crime of Proceeds of front Running in Exchanges: An Obstacle for Efficiency of Capital Market [Volume 28, Issue 19, 2021, Pages 214-235]
Efficient breach Economic analysis of contract remedies: The Theory of Efficient breach of contract [Volume 26, Issue 16, 2019, Pages 49-74]
Electrical Registration of Documents System Economical and legal analysis of article 1 of the mandatory formal registration of immovable propertie [Volume 31, Issue 26, 2024, Pages 162-184]
Electronic banking A Comparative Study of Consumer Protection in Electronic Funds Transactions [Volume 21, Issue 5, 2014]
Electronic banking The Explanation of the Legal Liability of the Transferring Bank in the Electronic Funds Transfers [Volume 24, Issue 12, 2017, Pages 43-66]
Employees Economic analysis of civil liability insurance of employer for employees emphasizing the regulation No. 80 of the Supreme Council of Insurance. [Volume 24, Issue 11, 2017, Pages 107-131]
Employer Economic analysis of civil liability insurance of employer for employees emphasizing the regulation No. 80 of the Supreme Council of Insurance. [Volume 24, Issue 11, 2017, Pages 107-131]
Enforcement of tax The legal study about Ex officio Assessment and Enforcement of tax; Symbols of Taxation Public Power in Iranian Tax Law [Volume 19, Issue 2, 2012]
England The criminal policy of Iran and England in reducing crime costs [Volume 30, Issue 24, 2023, Pages 154-168]
Entrepreneurship Implications of Violation of Property Rights on Investment Decisions [Volume 28, Issue 19, 2021, Pages 111-133]
Entrepreneurship The effectiveness of legal mechanisms for entrepreneurship development on consumer protection [Volume 28, Issue 19, 2021, Pages 160-185]
Entry Barriers A Competition Law Assessment of Entry Barriers in Digital Markets with an Emphasis on the Role of Big Data [Volume 33, Issue 29, 2026, Pages 205-222]
Environment Green economy: a step towards sustainable development in international law [Volume 21, Issue 6, 2014]
Environmental conditions Analysis Previous actions of the contractor to reduce environmental risks in upstream oil contracts [Volume 30, Issue 23, 2023, Pages 117-131]
Environmental Liability Environmental Liability of Foreign Investors and Its Impact on the Reduction of State Liability for Compensation [Volume 32, Issue 28, 2025, Pages 154-179]
EPCF Contracts Legal Study of Foreign Investment Restrictions and Project Financing through the Implementation of Engineering, Procurement, Construction, and Finance (EPCF) Contracts [Volume 27, Issue 18, 2020, Pages 29-80]
Escape from the debt Economic rights of the trade creditors in order to avoid debt [Volume 20, Issue 3, 2013]
Escaping Liability Legal and Economic Analysis of Punitive Damages [Volume 24, Issue 11, 2017, Pages 132-159]
Essential Facilities Unilateral Refusal to License Patent: Comparative Review of Competition Law Approaches in American, EU and Iranian Law [Volume 22, Issue 7, 2015]
European Green Deal Corporate Social Responsibility under Iranian Law and European Union Law following the Adoption of the 2024 European Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive [Volume 32, Issue 27, 2025, Pages 217-241]
European union Fundamental Rights of Consumers (A Comparative Study of Iranian Consumers Rights Protection Act, and the European Union's Regulations and the Guidelines of the United Nations) [Volume 19, Issue 1, 2012]
European Union Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism The EU Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism under the Lens of International Law: Conflicts and Strategies for Developing Countries [Volume 33, Issue 29, 2026, Pages 132-154]
EU&‌‌‌rsquo Evaluating the Objectives and Enforcement of Iranian Competition Law in Light of the EU’s “More Economic Approach” [Volume 33, Issue 29, 2026, Pages 182-204]
EU Sanctions EU ٍEconomic Sanctions: Legitimacy, Enforcement Mechanisms, and Legal Challenges [Volume 31, Issue 26, 2024, Pages 220-238]
Evident Deception and Grosser Fraud Challenges of the Distinction Criteria between Evident Deception and Grosser Fraud in the Unanimous Verdict of 821 from a Legal-Economic Standpoint [Volume 31, Issue 26, 2024, Pages 56-74]
Executive director A Legal Analysis to the Principle of Mere Allocation of Company’s Executive Organ to the Executive Director (Manager) [Volume 23, Issue 10, 2016, Pages 39-69]
Ex officio assessment The legal study about Ex officio Assessment and Enforcement of tax; Symbols of Taxation Public Power in Iranian Tax Law [Volume 19, Issue 2, 2012]
Expertise Feasibility of International Commercial Arbitration for the Resolution of Environmental Disputes [Volume 31, Issue 26, 2024, Pages 102-124]
External Extension Concept and Scope of External Extension in Corporations [Volume 23, Issue 9, 2016, Pages 134-160]
Externality Efficient-making The Tools of Compare with Externality in Wastes Management Act [Volume 23, Issue 9, 2016, Pages 60-84]
Externality Economic Analysis of the Transaction Intended to Escape from Payment in the Iranian Legal System [Volume 27, Issue 18, 2020, Pages 203-222]
Extraterritorial Effects of Regulations The EU Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism under the Lens of International Law: Conflicts and Strategies for Developing Countries [Volume 33, Issue 29, 2026, Pages 132-154]

F

Fake accident The approach of the Iranian penal system to Fraudulent use of insurance benefits (Comparison of Social Security Law with Compulsory Third Party Insurance Law2016) [Volume 28, Issue 19, 2021, Pages 1-36]
False statement Smuggling by False Statements and Documents in Iranian Criminal Law [Volume 23, Issue 9, 2016, Pages 30-59]
Feasibility Studies Analysis Previous actions of the contractor to reduce environmental risks in upstream oil contracts [Volume 30, Issue 23, 2023, Pages 117-131]
Features Economic Analysis of Negotiable Instruments as a Payment System [Volume 23, Issue 10, 2016, Pages 112-135]
Financial Action Task Force Money Laundering Risks of Designated Non-Financial Businesses and Professions (DNFBPS): Challenges and Solutions [Volume 30, Issue 24, 2023, Pages 1-18]
Financial Burden Analysis of the inclusion or non-inclusion of Article 75 of the Constitution in relation to the budget bill [Volume 28, Issue 19, 2021, Pages 39-110]
Financial Literacy Assessment of Financial Literacy Levels among Prisoners and its Impact on Crime Recidivism and Return to Prison [Volume 30, Issue 24, 2023, Pages 39-62]
Financial Management Assessment of Financial Literacy Levels among Prisoners and its Impact on Crime Recidivism and Return to Prison [Volume 30, Issue 24, 2023, Pages 39-62]
Financial markets Economic Analysis of Tax and Subsidy Policies and Regulations in Iranian Financial Markets with a Distributive Justice Approach Based on Kaldor–Hicks Efficiency Theory [Volume 29, Issue 22, 2022, Pages 142-113]
Financial Stability Board The Cooperation of International Standard Setting Bodies in Banking Regulation [Volume 30, Issue 24, 2023, Pages 97-109]
Financing Structure Legal Study of Foreign Investment Restrictions and Project Financing through the Implementation of Engineering, Procurement, Construction, and Finance (EPCF) Contracts [Volume 27, Issue 18, 2020, Pages 29-80]
Food security Comparative Analysis of Contract Farming in Iran in the Context of Enhancing Economic Efficiency and Sustainable Agricultural Development [Volume 32, Issue 28, 2025, Pages 104-125]
Forecast error A Study of How Tehran Stock Exchange Law Implementation Affects the Behavior of Financial Analysts:( a case study of member companies of the investment industry group accepted into Tehran Stock Exchange) [Volume 23, Issue 9, 2016, Pages 85-112]
Foreign investment Treaties Protecting Essential Interests of the Host State in Investment Claims Arising from Armed Conflicts [Volume 27, Issue 17, 2020, Pages 171-196]
Forty original constitution Economic rights of the trade creditors in order to avoid debt [Volume 20, Issue 3, 2013]
Foundationalism The Typology of Muslim Scholars in the Theory of Economic Justice [Volume 24, Issue 12, 2017, Pages 1-22]
Franchise Contract Tying Clause in a Franchise Contract from the View of Competition Law: A Comparative Study in Iran and US Law [Volume 23, Issue 10, 2016, Pages 21-38]
Fraud on the Market Theory Establishing Causation in civil liability lawsuits derived from violation of the securities market disclosure requirements (with a comparative study of US and French law) [Volume 27, Issue 18, 2020, Pages 165-202]
Fraud risk management The Causes of Bankruptcy in the US Enron Company with Emphasis on American Corporates Law [Volume 22, Issue 7, 2015]
Front Running The Crime of Proceeds of front Running in Exchanges: An Obstacle for Efficiency of Capital Market [Volume 28, Issue 19, 2021, Pages 214-235]

G

Gain-elimination Theory Study of the optimal deterrence and the gain elimination theories on punitive damages in tort cases (emphasizing on the United States Jurisprudence) [Volume 21, Issue 6, 2014]
Game theory Analysis of Public-Private Partnership Models in the Production of Electric Energy in Water Transmission Lines (Conflicts Resolving by Game Theory Approach) [Volume 31, Issue 25, 2024, Pages 140-166]
Game theory Agreement On Divorce In The Shadow Of Law: An Economic Analysis On The Negotiation Of Couples In Consensual Divorce In Iranian Legal System [Volume 32, Issue 28, 2025, Pages 5-24]
General assembly A Legal Analysis to the Principle of Mere Allocation of Company’s Executive Organ to the Executive Director (Manager) [Volume 23, Issue 10, 2016, Pages 39-69]
General Court Compensation for deceived person's losses by paying a price difference (Jurisprudential, legal and economic analysis) [Volume 26, Issue 16, 2019, Pages 25-48]
Generalized Method of Moments A Dynamic Model for Investigating the Relationship between Intellectual Property Rights and Economic Complexity: A Study of the New Knowledge-Based Innovation Indicator [Volume 25, Issue 14, 2018, Pages 157-188]
Generic and Subjective Criterion Challenges of the Distinction Criteria between Evident Deception and Grosser Fraud in the Unanimous Verdict of 821 from a Legal-Economic Standpoint [Volume 31, Issue 26, 2024, Pages 56-74]
Gharar Comparative Analysis of Contract Farming in Iran in the Context of Enhancing Economic Efficiency and Sustainable Agricultural Development [Volume 32, Issue 28, 2025, Pages 104-125]
Gini coefficient The Influence of Inflation and Economic Inequality in Increasing the Crime of Theft (Copula Approach) [Volume 30, Issue 24, 2023, Pages 79-96]
Globalization The Jurisprudential and Legal Feasibility of Endowment of Securities Based on The Teachings of Economic Law [Volume 31, Issue 25, 2024, Pages 167-182]
Governance Critical Analysis of Legislative Gaps and Legal Ambiguities in the Governance Structure of Cooperative Companies in Iran [Volume 32, Issue 28, 2025, Pages 25-39]
Governance Strategies Legal Strategies for Agency Cost Reduction in Corporations [Volume 24, Issue 12, 2017, Pages 67-112]
Government A Survey on the Role of the Iranian Government and Parliament in the Changing of Economic Policies (Case Study: The First Economic, Social and Cultural Plan 1989-1993) [Volume 19, Issue 2, 2012]
Government The Concept of Regulation in the Legal Field [Volume 22, Issue 8, 2015, Pages 23-39]
Government A Study on the Role of the Interest Groups and their Impact upon Business Environment Policy Making [Volume 22, Issue 8, 2015, Pages 68-96]
Government interference Government intervention in unfair terms based on economic analysis of contracts [Volume 27, Issue 18, 2020, Pages 275-294]
Green economy Green economy: a step towards sustainable development in international law [Volume 21, Issue 6, 2014]
Green economy Green Economy through the Lens of International Human Rights Law: A Sustainable and Responsible Approach [Volume 32, Issue 28, 2025, Pages 62-85]
Green Taxation A Critical Analysis of the Legislative Discourse on Green Taxation in Iran, Focusing on the Requirements of the Aarhus Convention (From Fragmented Legislation to Participatory Regulation) [Volume 33, Issue 29, 2026, Pages 155-181]
Group Action The Role of Class Actions in Supporting the Consumer Rights [Volume 24, Issue 11, 2017, Pages 1-24]
Guarantee Analysis of contractual securities from the perspective economic law [Volume 30, Issue 23, 2023, Pages 133-146]
Guarantee Digital assets as security [Volume 31, Issue 26, 2024, Pages 125-145]

I

ICSID Criteria for determining the investment contract in foreign investment arbitration [Volume 28, Issue 19, 2021, Pages 292-317]
ICSID Analogical Reasoning in International Investment Law: Its Functions and Inclusions [Volume 30, Issue 23, 2023, Pages 187-200]
ICSID An analysis on the criterion "Assistance to the economic development of the host state" for realizing the concept of investment contracts under the ICSID Arbitration Convention [Volume 31, Issue 26, 2024, Pages 146-161]
ICSID Adverse Inference in International Investment Arbitration [Volume 33, Issue 29, 2026, Pages 5-22]
ICSID Convention Recognition of intellectual property rights as investment in light of international investment law [Volume 32, Issue 27, 2025, Pages 53-72]
ICSID Convention An Analysis of the Criteria for Determining the Personal Jurisdiction of Legal Entities under the ICSID Arbitration Convention [Volume 32, Issue 28, 2025, Pages 86-103]
Illegal Economy An Analysis of the Factors Influencing the Illegal Economy in Iran [Volume 32, Issue 27, 2025, Pages 73-94]
Illegal intention The Remedy of Contracts with Illegal Purpose as a Means to Protect Traditional and Economic Public Policy [Volume 23, Issue 9, 2016, Pages 1-29]
Imami jurisprudence The Jurisprudential and Legal Feasibility of Endowment of Securities Based on The Teachings of Economic Law [Volume 31, Issue 25, 2024, Pages 167-182]
Imperialist Competition Algorithm The Role of the Stock Exchange and Securities Brokers Association in Compromise and Reduction of Cases Arbitration Board : the Hybirid Artificial Neural Network and Imperialist Competitive Algorithm [Volume 30, Issue 24, 2023, Pages 191-216]
Implementation of Specific Performance and Termination of Cont Investigating the Efficiency of the Precedence of Enforcement to Specific Performance over the Termination of Contract within Iranian and American Law [Volume 24, Issue 11, 2017, Pages 84-106]
Indemnity against liability The Nature of Insurer's Liability and its Impact on Selection Method of "Recoupment" and the Principle of Subrogation [Volume 27, Issue 17, 2020, Pages 103-142]
Indemnity against loss The Nature of Insurer's Liability and its Impact on Selection Method of "Recoupment" and the Principle of Subrogation [Volume 27, Issue 17, 2020, Pages 103-142]
Indemnity Clause The Validity of Indemnity for the Manufacturer by the Consumer (A Comparative Study in the Legal Systems of Iran and England) [Volume 33, Issue 29, 2026, Pages 77-90]
Independence Legal and Economic Analysis of Independence of the Central Bank of the Islamic Republic of Iran [Volume 29, Issue 21, 2022, Pages 50-84]
Indication of Possession Apparent Ownership [Volume 23, Issue 9, 2016, Pages 113-134]
Indivisible Reserves Critical Analysis of Legislative Gaps and Legal Ambiguities in the Governance Structure of Cooperative Companies in Iran [Volume 32, Issue 28, 2025, Pages 25-39]
Industrial application Evaluation system of patent criteria in Iranian law [Volume 32, Issue 27, 2025, Pages 5-20]
Industrial design Protection of Products Design and Packaging in the Form of Branches of Intellectual Property Rights [Volume 23, Issue 10, 2016, Pages 90-111]
Industrial design Protecting fashion (cover-beauty creations) through Iran-France industrial property rights [Volume 27, Issue 17, 2020, Pages 197-216]
Industrial property A Comparative Analysis of the Recoverability of Lost Profits in Intellectual Property Disputes under Iranian Law and the Paris Convention [Volume 33, Issue 29, 2026, Pages 61-76]
Inflation The Influence of Inflation and Economic Inequality in Increasing the Crime of Theft (Copula Approach) [Volume 30, Issue 24, 2023, Pages 79-96]
Information Asymmetry Analysis of Public-Private Partnership Models in the Production of Electric Energy in Water Transmission Lines (Conflicts Resolving by Game Theory Approach) [Volume 31, Issue 25, 2024, Pages 140-166]
Information Disclosure Establishing Causation in civil liability lawsuits derived from violation of the securities market disclosure requirements (with a comparative study of US and French law) [Volume 27, Issue 18, 2020, Pages 165-202]
Information Disclosure The approach of Iran's judicial system to the disclosure of information in listed companies [Volume 30, Issue 23, 2023, Pages 147-162]
Information Privacy Economic Analysis of Privacy in the U.S. legal System [Volume 26, Issue 16, 2019, Pages 103-144]
Initial Coin Offerings Investigating the Legal Aspects of the Initial Coin Offering: The New Method of Financing on the Blockchain Platform in Iran [Volume 30, Issue 24, 2023, Pages 110-128]
Innovation A Dynamic Model for Investigating the Relationship between Intellectual Property Rights and Economic Complexity: A Study of the New Knowledge-Based Innovation Indicator [Volume 25, Issue 14, 2018, Pages 157-188]
Institutional Variables An Investigation of the Impact of Institutional Variable of Rule of Law on Economic Growth in D-8 Countries [Volume 21, Issue 5, 2014]
Instrumental approach Economic analysis of contract remedies: The Theory of Efficient breach of contract [Volume 26, Issue 16, 2019, Pages 49-74]
Insurance crimes The approach of the Iranian penal system to Fraudulent use of insurance benefits (Comparison of Social Security Law with Compulsory Third Party Insurance Law2016) [Volume 28, Issue 19, 2021, Pages 1-36]
Insurance Industry Investigation of regulation theories in Iran’s insurance industry [Volume 31, Issue 25, 2024, Pages 213-232]
Intangible Assets Recognition of intellectual property rights as investment in light of international investment law [Volume 32, Issue 27, 2025, Pages 53-72]
Intangible property Digital assets as security [Volume 31, Issue 26, 2024, Pages 125-145]
Integration of tariffs The Role of Preferential Tariffs in the Integrity of the Tariff Regime in the WTO [Volume 26, Issue 15, 2019, Pages 33-54]
Intellectual property The effect of Intellectual Property Protection on Economic Growth [Volume 20, Issue 4, 2013]
Intellectual property Recognition of intellectual property rights as investment in light of international investment law [Volume 32, Issue 27, 2025, Pages 53-72]
Intellectual property A Comparative Analysis of the Recoverability of Lost Profits in Intellectual Property Disputes under Iranian Law and the Paris Convention [Volume 33, Issue 29, 2026, Pages 61-76]
Interests of the Host state Protecting Essential Interests of the Host State in Investment Claims Arising from Armed Conflicts [Volume 27, Issue 17, 2020, Pages 171-196]
Interferences The legal and economic effects of Interference Elimination Commission of the code of the Elimination of Barriers to Competitive Production and the Upgrading of the Country's Financial System and related Regulations [Volume 28, Issue 19, 2021, Pages 236-257]
Intermediation Legal Analysis and Comparison of the Desirability of Using Transferable and Back-to-Back Letters of Credit in International Contracts [Volume 33, Issue 29, 2026, Pages 23-43]
Internal Extension Concept and Scope of External Extension in Corporations [Volume 23, Issue 9, 2016, Pages 134-160]
International Arbitration Adverse Inference in International Investment Arbitration [Volume 33, Issue 29, 2026, Pages 5-22]
International Human Rights Law Green Economy through the Lens of International Human Rights Law: A Sustainable and Responsible Approach [Volume 32, Issue 28, 2025, Pages 62-85]
International Insolvency Vagueness in International Insolvency; In Search of Proper Theory [Volume 20, Issue 3, 2013]
International Instruments Analysis of the Nature and Legal Framework of Foreign Sovereign Wealth Funds in Iran's Capital Market with a Look at International Instruments [Volume 32, Issue 28, 2025, Pages 250-271]
International Investment Arbitration The Position of Transparency in the Recent Developments of Arbitration Based on Investment Treaties [Volume 29, Issue 22, 2022, Pages 42-1]
International Investment Arbitration An analysis on the criterion "Assistance to the economic development of the host state" for realizing the concept of investment contracts under the ICSID Arbitration Convention [Volume 31, Issue 26, 2024, Pages 146-161]
International Investment Arbitration Environmental Liability of Foreign Investors and Its Impact on the Reduction of State Liability for Compensation [Volume 32, Issue 28, 2025, Pages 154-179]
International Investment Law Transparency of Foreign Investment; Redefining the Meaning of the Principle of Transparency in International Investment Law [Volume 28, Issue 19, 2021, Pages 37-61]
International Monetary Fund Status of Cryptocurrencies in International Monetary and Financial Law [Volume 29, Issue 22, 2022, Pages 411-381]
International Monetary Fund The Cooperation of International Standard Setting Bodies in Banking Regulation [Volume 30, Issue 24, 2023, Pages 97-109]
International trade law The Concept of "Substantial Transformation" in Rules of Origin, with a Focus on the World Trade Organization (Wto) Agreement On Rules of Origin [Volume 31, Issue 25, 2024, Pages 98-122]
Interoperability A Competition Law Assessment of Entry Barriers in Digital Markets with an Emphasis on the Role of Big Data [Volume 33, Issue 29, 2026, Pages 205-222]
Interpretation of law A Comparison of the Impact of Economic and Formalistic Interpretive Doctrines on law [Volume 22, Issue 7, 2015]
Intervention Multiparty arbitration in intra-corporate disputes [Volume 29, Issue 21, 2022, Pages 268-302]
Intragenerational and Intergenerational equity Green Economy through the Lens of International Human Rights Law: A Sustainable and Responsible Approach [Volume 32, Issue 28, 2025, Pages 62-85]
Intrusive Review Explaining the Standard of Review of WTO Dispute Settlement Body [Volume 25, Issue 13, 2018, Pages 69-100]
Inventive step Evaluation system of patent criteria in Iranian law [Volume 32, Issue 27, 2025, Pages 5-20]
Investment A comparative study of the principles of international commercial arbitration with an emphasis on the protection of foreign investment [Volume 31, Issue 26, 2024, Pages 1-18]
Investment Agreements The Position of Transparency in the Recent Developments of Arbitration Based on Investment Treaties [Volume 29, Issue 22, 2022, Pages 42-1]
Investment Arbitration Protecting Essential Interests of the Host State in Investment Claims Arising from Armed Conflicts [Volume 27, Issue 17, 2020, Pages 171-196]
Investment Arbitration Criteria for determining the investment contract in foreign investment arbitration [Volume 28, Issue 19, 2021, Pages 292-317]
Investment Treaties Analogical Reasoning in International Investment Law: Its Functions and Inclusions [Volume 30, Issue 23, 2023, Pages 187-200]
Investor An analysis on the criterion "Assistance to the economic development of the host state" for realizing the concept of investment contracts under the ICSID Arbitration Convention [Volume 31, Issue 26, 2024, Pages 146-161]
Investor An Analysis of the Criteria for Determining the Personal Jurisdiction of Legal Entities under the ICSID Arbitration Convention [Volume 32, Issue 28, 2025, Pages 86-103]
Iran A Survey on the Role of the Iranian Government and Parliament in the Changing of Economic Policies (Case Study: The First Economic, Social and Cultural Plan 1989-1993) [Volume 19, Issue 2, 2012]
Iran Legal and Economic Analysis of Independence of the Central Bank of the Islamic Republic of Iran [Volume 29, Issue 21, 2022, Pages 50-84]
Iran The criminal policy of Iran and England in reducing crime costs [Volume 30, Issue 24, 2023, Pages 154-168]
Iran Critical Analysis of Legislative Gaps and Legal Ambiguities in the Governance Structure of Cooperative Companies in Iran [Volume 32, Issue 28, 2025, Pages 25-39]
Iran Comparative Analysis of Contract Farming in Iran in the Context of Enhancing Economic Efficiency and Sustainable Agricultural Development [Volume 32, Issue 28, 2025, Pages 104-125]
Iran' The role of transparency in preventing economic crimes [Volume 31, Issue 25, 2024, Pages 57-79]
Iranian criminal system Statistical study of the challenges facing Iran's criminal justice policy regarding economic crimes [Volume 33, Issue 29, 2026, Pages 91-110]
Iran’s Capital Market Analysis of the Nature and Legal Framework of Foreign Sovereign Wealth Funds in Iran's Capital Market with a Look at International Instruments [Volume 32, Issue 28, 2025, Pages 250-271]
Islamic Consultive Assembly (Majlis) A Survey on the Role of the Iranian Government and Parliament in the Changing of Economic Policies (Case Study: The First Economic, Social and Cultural Plan 1989-1993) [Volume 19, Issue 2, 2012]
Islamic Countries The effect of Intellectual Property Protection on Economic Growth [Volume 20, Issue 4, 2013]
Islamic Jurisprudence Comparative Analysis of Contract Farming in Iran in the Context of Enhancing Economic Efficiency and Sustainable Agricultural Development [Volume 32, Issue 28, 2025, Pages 104-125]
Islamic Republic of Iran's law Comparative Study and Analysis of Elements, Results and Aspects of the Financial - Legal of the Securitie's Cross-listing in The Tehran Stock Exchange (Focusing on Islamic Republic of Iran and US law) [Volume 27, Issue 18, 2020, Pages 129-164]

L

Late Payment Damage The Maximum Amount of Penalty Clause in Monetary Obligations with a Critical Approach to the Supreme Court's Unified Judicial Precedent No. 805 [Volume 29, Issue 22, 2022, Pages 348-321]
Law Applicable to Contract Conflict of Laws Applicable to Monetary Obligations [Volume 31, Issue 25, 2024, Pages 80-97]
Law of Construction Utilizing the capacities of the notary in managing the pre-sale process in the light of the theory of "contracting project management" with emphasis on Agency Problem [Volume 29, Issue 22, 2022, Pages 288-257]
Law of Money Conflict of Laws Applicable to Monetary Obligations [Volume 31, Issue 25, 2024, Pages 80-97]
Laws and Regulations Legal Requirements of Private Banking and lnuestigatin Them in Iran Legal System [Volume 19, Issue 1, 2012]
Lawyering insurance Legal Expenses Insurance as a tool for Citizen Empowerment [Volume 25, Issue 13, 2018, Pages 131-150]
Legal and Factual Determinations Explaining the Standard of Review of WTO Dispute Settlement Body [Volume 25, Issue 13, 2018, Pages 69-100]
Legal Certainty Economic Analysis of the Foundations of the Numerus Clausus of Property Rights Principle [Volume 27, Issue 18, 2020, Pages 81-102]
Legal Challenges EU ٍEconomic Sanctions: Legitimacy, Enforcement Mechanisms, and Legal Challenges [Volume 31, Issue 26, 2024, Pages 220-238]
Legal Citations Developing a Model for Predicting Judicial Delay Duration Using Artificial Neural Network and Bayesian Regularization Algorithm: Evidence from the Ardabil Bar Association Cases [Volume 32, Issue 28, 2025, Pages 180-210]
Legal Entities’ Representatives Critical Analysis of Legislative Gaps and Legal Ambiguities in the Governance Structure of Cooperative Companies in Iran [Volume 32, Issue 28, 2025, Pages 25-39]
Legal Expenses insurance Legal Expenses Insurance as a tool for Citizen Empowerment [Volume 25, Issue 13, 2018, Pages 131-150]
Legal Framework Analysis of the Nature and Legal Framework of Foreign Sovereign Wealth Funds in Iran's Capital Market with a Look at International Instruments [Volume 32, Issue 28, 2025, Pages 250-271]
Legal Personality Comparative Review of Single-Member Company in Iran Legal System [Volume 22, Issue 8, 2015, Pages 1-22]
Legal Pluralism Non-Legal Sanctions in Soft Law [Volume 21, Issue 5, 2014]
Legal Reform Critical Analysis of Legislative Gaps and Legal Ambiguities in the Governance Structure of Cooperative Companies in Iran [Volume 32, Issue 28, 2025, Pages 25-39]
Legal Reform Comparative Analysis of Contract Farming in Iran in the Context of Enhancing Economic Efficiency and Sustainable Agricultural Development [Volume 32, Issue 28, 2025, Pages 104-125]
Legislation Impact Assessment The Institutional Capacity of Iran's Legal System in Assessment the Economic Impacts of Laws [Volume 31, Issue 25, 2024, Pages 37-56]
Legislative Discourse A Critical Analysis of the Legislative Discourse on Green Taxation in Iran, Focusing on the Requirements of the Aarhus Convention (From Fragmented Legislation to Participatory Regulation) [Volume 33, Issue 29, 2026, Pages 155-181]
Legislative Gaps Critical Analysis of Legislative Gaps and Legal Ambiguities in the Governance Structure of Cooperative Companies in Iran [Volume 32, Issue 28, 2025, Pages 25-39]
Liability insurance The Nature of Insurer's Liability and its Impact on Selection Method of "Recoupment" and the Principle of Subrogation [Volume 27, Issue 17, 2020, Pages 103-142]
License legal and economic Analysis of applicable legal rules on license contract (Examination of US legal System approach to present guidance for Iranian Legal system [Volume 28, Issue 19, 2021, Pages 64-87]
Licensing agreement Non- Price Restrictions in Licensing Agreements from the Perspective of Competition Law: A Comparative Study of the Iranian, U.S. and E.U. Legal Systemsof the Iranian, U. S. and E. U. Legal Systems [Volume 22, Issue 8, 2015, Pages 40-67]
Liquidated damage Economic and Legal Analysis of Penalty Clause [Volume 20, Issue 4, 2013]
Loss Claimable Compensations Resulting from International Carriage of Goods by the Road [Volume 20, Issue 4, 2013]
Loss Legal and economic analysis of surface runoff losses and how to compensate [Volume 29, Issue 21, 2022, Pages 380-422]
Loss Aversion The role of Loss Aversion Cognitive Bias and its Results in Iran's Liability System Based on The Prospect Theory [Volume 29, Issue 22, 2022, Pages 177-143]
Loss of profits A Comparative Analysis of the Recoverability of Lost Profits in Intellectual Property Disputes under Iranian Law and the Paris Convention [Volume 33, Issue 29, 2026, Pages 61-76]
Loss of Prospective Profits Analysis of the judicial precedent of Supreme Court No. 733; Emphasizing the nature of money and the distinction of depreciation, delayed compensation and damage caused by rising prices [Volume 27, Issue 17, 2020, Pages 1-24]

M

M41 G14-18 A Study of How Tehran Stock Exchange Law Implementation Affects the Behavior of Financial Analysts:( a case study of member companies of the investment industry group accepted into Tehran Stock Exchange) [Volume 23, Issue 9, 2016, Pages 85-112]
Manager A Legal Analysis to the Principle of Mere Allocation of Company’s Executive Organ to the Executive Director (Manager) [Volume 23, Issue 10, 2016, Pages 39-69]
Mandatory Registration of the Immovable Properties Contracts Economical and legal analysis of article 1 of the mandatory formal registration of immovable propertie [Volume 31, Issue 26, 2024, Pages 162-184]
Manufacturer The Validity of Indemnity for the Manufacturer by the Consumer (A Comparative Study in the Legal Systems of Iran and England) [Volume 33, Issue 29, 2026, Pages 77-90]
Market failure Investigation of regulation theories in Iran’s insurance industry [Volume 31, Issue 25, 2024, Pages 213-232]
Market Power The Effects of Metaverse Features on Antitrust Analysis of Market Power [Volume 31, Issue 25, 2024, Pages 123-139]
Market Power Efficient Criteria for Identifying Dominant Position in Digital Platforms: A Comparative Study in the European Union [Volume 32, Issue 27, 2025, Pages 196-216]
Market Power A Competition Law Assessment of Entry Barriers in Digital Markets with an Emphasis on the Role of Big Data [Volume 33, Issue 29, 2026, Pages 205-222]
Merger Feasibility of personal data transfer during mergers and acquisitions [Volume 32, Issue 27, 2025, Pages 133-152]
Merger Corporations Concept and Scope of External Extension in Corporations [Volume 23, Issue 9, 2016, Pages 134-160]
Merger of arbitrators Multiparty arbitration in intra-corporate disputes [Volume 29, Issue 21, 2022, Pages 268-302]
Metaverse market The Effects of Metaverse Features on Antitrust Analysis of Market Power [Volume 31, Issue 25, 2024, Pages 123-139]
Method of Evaluation Methods of Evaluating the Damages under Iranian and English Legal Systems and International Instruments [Volume 27, Issue 18, 2020, Pages 325-385]
Methodology The Typology of Muslim Scholars in the Theory of Economic Justice [Volume 24, Issue 12, 2017, Pages 1-22]
Missing Claimable Compensations Resulting from International Carriage of Goods by the Road [Volume 20, Issue 4, 2013]
Mitigation Commitments The Obligations of Transnational Corporations to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions in the Framework of Market-Based Mechanisms With an Emphasis on Judicial Procedure (From the Jonah Gamber Decision to Advisory Opinions) [Volume 32, Issue 28, 2025, Pages 126-153]
Mitigation of Damages Liability adjustment and increasing caution in contract execution in Efficient Breach theory in French Reform of the law of obligations, Iran, and Common law [Volume 29, Issue 22, 2022, Pages 255-209]
Mixed method A Pattern for Managing Legal Risks in Iran's Banking Industry [Volume 31, Issue 25, 2024, Pages 233-255]
Model of Cooperation The Requirements of Combatting Money-Laundering in Iranian Criminal Law in the Light of Transnational Criminal Law [Volume 25, Issue 14, 2018, Pages 121-156]
Modification by judge Economic and Legal Analysis of Penalty Clause [Volume 20, Issue 4, 2013]
Mohtaseb Hisba as a Foundation of Islamic Economic Law: Regulation of Competition in Competition and non-Competition Markets [Volume 20, Issue 4, 2013]
Monetary policy Legal and Economic Analysis of Independence of the Central Bank of the Islamic Republic of Iran [Volume 29, Issue 21, 2022, Pages 50-84]
Money Conflict of Laws Applicable to Monetary Obligations [Volume 31, Issue 25, 2024, Pages 80-97]
Money Laundering A comparative study of exposure to cryptocurrencies in the Iranian and American legal systems [Volume 29, Issue 21, 2022, Pages 150-184]
Money Laundering Money Laundering Risks of Designated Non-Financial Businesses and Professions (DNFBPS): Challenges and Solutions [Volume 30, Issue 24, 2023, Pages 1-18]
Money-Laundering The Requirements of Combatting Money-Laundering in Iranian Criminal Law in the Light of Transnational Criminal Law [Volume 25, Issue 14, 2018, Pages 121-156]
Monopoly Criminal Policy of Law of Enforcing General Policies of Article 44 of the Constitution [Volume 21, Issue 5, 2014]
Monopoly Confronting Monopoly by Imposing Limitations on the Contractual freedom: A Case Study of Iranian Law [Volume 26, Issue 16, 2019, Pages 75-102]
Monopoly in lawyering market Legal Expenses Insurance as a tool for Citizen Empowerment [Volume 25, Issue 13, 2018, Pages 131-150]
More Economic Approach&‌‌‌rdquo Evaluating the Objectives and Enforcement of Iranian Competition Law in Light of the EU’s “More Economic Approach” [Volume 33, Issue 29, 2026, Pages 182-204]
Mortgage Digital assets as security [Volume 31, Issue 26, 2024, Pages 125-145]
Municipal plans Ownership and restrictions on land use [Volume 19, Issue 2, 2012]

N

National Lands The legal and economic effects of Interference Elimination Commission of the code of the Elimination of Barriers to Competitive Production and the Upgrading of the Country's Financial System and related Regulations [Volume 28, Issue 19, 2021, Pages 236-257]
Negative Externality Efficient-making The Tools of Compare with Externality in Wastes Management Act [Volume 23, Issue 9, 2016, Pages 60-84]
Negotiable Instruments Economic Analysis of Negotiable Instruments as a Payment System [Volume 23, Issue 10, 2016, Pages 112-135]
Negotiable Instruments Legal Analysis of the Nature of Letters of Credit [Volume 29, Issue 21, 2022, Pages 85-116]
Network Effect Efficient Criteria for Identifying Dominant Position in Digital Platforms: A Comparative Study in the European Union [Volume 32, Issue 27, 2025, Pages 196-216]
Network effects The Effects of Metaverse Features on Antitrust Analysis of Market Power [Volume 31, Issue 25, 2024, Pages 123-139]
Non-Disclosure of Evidence Adverse Inference in International Investment Arbitration [Volume 33, Issue 29, 2026, Pages 5-22]
Non-Financial Businesses and Professions Money Laundering Risks of Designated Non-Financial Businesses and Professions (DNFBPS): Challenges and Solutions [Volume 30, Issue 24, 2023, Pages 1-18]
Non Liquet Analogical Reasoning in International Investment Law: Its Functions and Inclusions [Volume 30, Issue 23, 2023, Pages 187-200]
Non-market Hisba as a Foundation of Islamic Economic Law: Regulation of Competition in Competition and non-Competition Markets [Volume 20, Issue 4, 2013]
Non- Strategic Investor Rules Governing the Entry and Exit of Foreign Investors in the Iranian Capital Market [Volume 25, Issue 13, 2018, Pages 1-20]
Normative Power EU ٍEconomic Sanctions: Legitimacy, Enforcement Mechanisms, and Legal Challenges [Volume 31, Issue 26, 2024, Pages 220-238]
Notary Utilizing the capacities of the notary in managing the pre-sale process in the light of the theory of "contracting project management" with emphasis on Agency Problem [Volume 29, Issue 22, 2022, Pages 288-257]
Novelty Evaluation system of patent criteria in Iranian law [Volume 32, Issue 27, 2025, Pages 5-20]
Numerus Clausus of Property Rights Economic Analysis of the Foundations of the Numerus Clausus of Property Rights Principle [Volume 27, Issue 18, 2020, Pages 81-102]

O

Objective Assessment Explaining the Standard of Review of WTO Dispute Settlement Body [Volume 25, Issue 13, 2018, Pages 69-100]
Obstacles and Restrictions Legal Study of Foreign Investment Restrictions and Project Financing through the Implementation of Engineering, Procurement, Construction, and Finance (EPCF) Contracts [Volume 27, Issue 18, 2020, Pages 29-80]
Oil The Legal Regime Governing Import and Export of Petroleum Products with a Comparative Look [Volume 25, Issue 13, 2018, Pages 21-44]
Operational independency A comparative study of the duties of insurance supervisory in Iran and selected countries [Volume 30, Issue 23, 2023, Pages 163-185]
Optimal Deterrence Legal and Economic Analysis of Punitive Damages [Volume 24, Issue 11, 2017, Pages 132-159]
Optimal Deterrence Legal and economic analysis of surface runoff losses and how to compensate [Volume 29, Issue 21, 2022, Pages 380-422]
Optimal Distribution of Resources Studying The Optimal Distribution of Resources in The Criminal Justice System of The Islamic Republic of Iran in The Light of The Experiences of Other Countries [Volume 31, Issue 25, 2024, Pages 183-212]
Optimal Use of Resources Investigating the Efficiency of the Precedence of Enforcement to Specific Performance over the Termination of Contract within Iranian and American Law [Volume 24, Issue 11, 2017, Pages 84-106]
Opt-in Approach Unsolicited Commercial Message (Spam): Prohibited or Permitted? [Volume 30, Issue 24, 2023, Pages 63-78]
Opt-out Approach Unsolicited Commercial Message (Spam): Prohibited or Permitted? [Volume 30, Issue 24, 2023, Pages 63-78]
Outsourcing cross-border trade in services GATS and Methods of Trade in Services in Offshore Outsourcing [Volume 24, Issue 11, 2017, Pages 25-55]
Ownership rights Ownership and restrictions on land use [Volume 19, Issue 2, 2012]

P

Panel Data Model The Implication of Competition Law Enforcement on Economic Growth in Developing Countries [Volume 20, Issue 3, 2013]
Panel Data Model The effect of Intellectual Property Protection on Economic Growth [Volume 20, Issue 4, 2013]
Panels and Appeal Body The Role of International Law Rules in Interpretation of the WTO Agreements [Volume 29, Issue 22, 2022, Pages 319-289]
Panel Smooth Transition Regression (PSTR) Model An Investigation of the Impact of Institutional Variable of Rule of Law on Economic Growth in D-8 Countries [Volume 21, Issue 5, 2014]
Paris Agreement The Obligations of Transnational Corporations to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions in the Framework of Market-Based Mechanisms With an Emphasis on Judicial Procedure (From the Jonah Gamber Decision to Advisory Opinions) [Volume 32, Issue 28, 2025, Pages 126-153]
Paris Convention A Comparative Analysis of the Recoverability of Lost Profits in Intellectual Property Disputes under Iranian Law and the Paris Convention [Volume 33, Issue 29, 2026, Pages 61-76]
Participation A Study on the Role of the Interest Groups and their Impact upon Business Environment Policy Making [Volume 22, Issue 8, 2015, Pages 68-96]
Participatory democracy The challenges of Crowdsourcing as one of the ways to realize participatory democracy in Iran's administrative law system [Volume 31, Issue 26, 2024, Pages 40-55]
Participatory Regulation A Critical Analysis of the Legislative Discourse on Green Taxation in Iran, Focusing on the Requirements of the Aarhus Convention (From Fragmented Legislation to Participatory Regulation) [Volume 33, Issue 29, 2026, Pages 155-181]
Patent The effect of Intellectual Property Protection on Economic Growth [Volume 20, Issue 4, 2013]
Patent Unilateral Refusal to License Patent: Comparative Review of Competition Law Approaches in American, EU and Iranian Law [Volume 22, Issue 7, 2015]
Patent Non- Price Restrictions in Licensing Agreements from the Perspective of Competition Law: A Comparative Study of the Iranian, U.S. and E.U. Legal Systemsof the Iranian, U. S. and E. U. Legal Systems [Volume 22, Issue 8, 2015, Pages 40-67]
Patent Protecting fashion (cover-beauty creations) through Iran-France industrial property rights [Volume 27, Issue 17, 2020, Pages 197-216]
Patent Evaluation system of patent criteria in Iranian law [Volume 32, Issue 27, 2025, Pages 5-20]
Pathological analysis Pathological analysis of Afghanistan’s tax system in the light of tax principles [Volume 31, Issue 26, 2024, Pages 185-202]
Payment Instrument Economic Analysis of Negotiable Instruments as a Payment System [Volume 23, Issue 10, 2016, Pages 112-135]
Payment of Money Damages Investigating the Efficiency of the Precedence of Enforcement to Specific Performance over the Termination of Contract within Iranian and American Law [Volume 24, Issue 11, 2017, Pages 84-106]
Payment supervision Utilizing the capacities of the notary in managing the pre-sale process in the light of the theory of "contracting project management" with emphasis on Agency Problem [Volume 29, Issue 22, 2022, Pages 288-257]
Payment System Economic Analysis of Negotiable Instruments as a Payment System [Volume 23, Issue 10, 2016, Pages 112-135]
Payment System A deliberations on the legal and economical (procedural) principles governing payment systems from the perspective of the CPSS document [Volume 30, Issue 23, 2023, Pages 17-35]
Payroll tax The legal nature of Civil Servants Pension Fund's Assets [Volume 31, Issue 26, 2024, Pages 203-219]
Pension Fund The legal nature of Civil Servants Pension Fund's Assets [Volume 31, Issue 26, 2024, Pages 203-219]
Pension Scheme The legal nature of Civil Servants Pension Fund's Assets [Volume 31, Issue 26, 2024, Pages 203-219]
Personal data sharing Economic Analysis of Privacy in the U.S. legal System [Volume 26, Issue 16, 2019, Pages 103-144]
Philosophical and Economic Analysis The Theoretical Foundations of the End of Financial Rights Arising from Inventions: An Economic Approach [Volume 32, Issue 28, 2025, Pages 230-249]
PiercingTthe Corporate Veil Comparative Review of Single-Member Company in Iran Legal System [Volume 22, Issue 8, 2015, Pages 1-22]
Political Economy Implications of Violation of Property Rights on Investment Decisions [Volume 28, Issue 19, 2021, Pages 111-133]
Pollution Legal and economic analysis of surface runoff losses and how to compensate [Volume 29, Issue 21, 2022, Pages 380-422]
Possession Ownership and restrictions on land use [Volume 19, Issue 2, 2012]
Poverty Jurisprudential Study of Cash Waqf and It's Economic Impacts (Emphasize on Poverty and Employment ) [Volume 19, Issue 1, 2012]
Preferential Tariff Agreement The Role of Preferential Tariffs in the Integrity of the Tariff Regime in the WTO [Volume 26, Issue 15, 2019, Pages 33-54]
Pre-sale contract Utilizing the capacities of the notary in managing the pre-sale process in the light of the theory of "contracting project management" with emphasis on Agency Problem [Volume 29, Issue 22, 2022, Pages 288-257]
Preventive responsibility Liability adjustment and increasing caution in contract execution in Efficient Breach theory in French Reform of the law of obligations, Iran, and Common law [Volume 29, Issue 22, 2022, Pages 255-209]
Preventive Surveillance Privatization in the face of corruption in Iran's economy; evaluation of the efficiency of preventive surveillance [Volume 29, Issue 21, 2022, Pages 231-267]
Previous measures " Analysis Previous actions of the contractor to reduce environmental risks in upstream oil contracts [Volume 30, Issue 23, 2023, Pages 117-131]
Pricing Schema Optimal Cartel Penalty Regime with History Dependency [Volume 20, Issue 3, 2013]
Principle of Balance of Triple Interests The Necessity of Monitoring on Privatization in Line with the Principle of Balancing Triple Interests [Volume 27, Issue 18, 2020, Pages 251-274]
Principle of Monitoring The Necessity of Monitoring on Privatization in Line with the Principle of Balancing Triple Interests [Volume 27, Issue 18, 2020, Pages 251-274]
Principle of Strict Compliance Legal Analysis and Comparison of the Desirability of Using Transferable and Back-to-Back Letters of Credit in International Contracts [Volume 33, Issue 29, 2026, Pages 23-43]
Principles Economic Analysis of Negotiable Instruments as a Payment System [Volume 23, Issue 10, 2016, Pages 112-135]
Priorities of Criminal Justice Studying The Optimal Distribution of Resources in The Criminal Justice System of The Islamic Republic of Iran in The Light of The Experiences of Other Countries [Volume 31, Issue 25, 2024, Pages 183-212]
Prisoners Assessment of Financial Literacy Levels among Prisoners and its Impact on Crime Recidivism and Return to Prison [Volume 30, Issue 24, 2023, Pages 39-62]
Privacy Feasibility of personal data transfer during mergers and acquisitions [Volume 32, Issue 27, 2025, Pages 133-152]
Private Enterprise The legal nature of Civil Servants Pension Fund's Assets [Volume 31, Issue 26, 2024, Pages 203-219]
Private Ownership The legal and economic effects of Interference Elimination Commission of the code of the Elimination of Barriers to Competitive Production and the Upgrading of the Country's Financial System and related Regulations [Volume 28, Issue 19, 2021, Pages 236-257]
Privatization Legal Requirements of Private Banking and lnuestigatin Them in Iran Legal System [Volume 19, Issue 1, 2012]
Privatization Criminal Policy of Law of Enforcing General Policies of Article 44 of the Constitution [Volume 21, Issue 5, 2014]
Privatization A Legal Study of Privatization of Banking System [Volume 27, Issue 18, 2020, Pages 1-28]
Privatization Privatization in the face of corruption in Iran's economy; evaluation of the efficiency of preventive surveillance [Volume 29, Issue 21, 2022, Pages 231-267]
Privatization contracts The Necessity of Monitoring on Privatization in Line with the Principle of Balancing Triple Interests [Volume 27, Issue 18, 2020, Pages 251-274]
Product (Service) design and packaging Protection of Products Design and Packaging in the Form of Branches of Intellectual Property Rights [Volume 23, Issue 10, 2016, Pages 90-111]
Professional liability Economic analysis of civil liability insurance of employer for employees emphasizing the regulation No. 80 of the Supreme Council of Insurance. [Volume 24, Issue 11, 2017, Pages 107-131]
Prolongation of tax procedure Solutions for Reducing the Time of Tax Litigation [Volume 25, Issue 14, 2018, Pages 1-26]
Property Crimes The Influence of Inflation and Economic Inequality in Increasing the Crime of Theft (Copula Approach) [Volume 30, Issue 24, 2023, Pages 79-96]
Property Institution Economic Analysis of the Foundations of the Numerus Clausus of Property Rights Principle [Volume 27, Issue 18, 2020, Pages 81-102]
Property Right Implications of Violation of Property Rights on Investment Decisions [Volume 28, Issue 19, 2021, Pages 111-133]
Public Interest The Position of Transparency in the Recent Developments of Arbitration Based on Investment Treaties [Volume 29, Issue 22, 2022, Pages 42-1]
Public Interest Feasibility of International Commercial Arbitration for the Resolution of Environmental Disputes [Volume 31, Issue 26, 2024, Pages 102-124]
Public-Private Partnership Analysis of Public-Private Partnership Models in the Production of Electric Energy in Water Transmission Lines (Conflicts Resolving by Game Theory Approach) [Volume 31, Issue 25, 2024, Pages 140-166]
Public Procurement Transparency Principle in Iran’s Public Procurement in the Light of WTO and EU Rules [Volume 27, Issue 18, 2020, Pages 295-324]
Public Revenues Analysis of the inclusion or non-inclusion of Article 75 of the Constitution in relation to the budget bill [Volume 28, Issue 19, 2021, Pages 39-110]
Punitive Damage Study of the optimal deterrence and the gain elimination theories on punitive damages in tort cases (emphasizing on the United States Jurisprudence) [Volume 21, Issue 6, 2014]
Punitive Damages Legal and Economic Analysis of Punitive Damages [Volume 24, Issue 11, 2017, Pages 132-159]

R

Rational Choice Implications of rational choice theory in judges' decisions [Volume 29, Issue 22, 2022, Pages 380-349]
Real State Environmental and Human Factors of Real Estate Transactions Costs and Control Measures in Iran Registration Law [Volume 23, Issue 10, 2016, Pages 1-20]
Registration Law Environmental and Human Factors of Real Estate Transactions Costs and Control Measures in Iran Registration Law [Volume 23, Issue 10, 2016, Pages 1-20]
Registration of Contracts Termination Economical and legal analysis of article 1 of the mandatory formal registration of immovable propertie [Volume 31, Issue 26, 2024, Pages 162-184]
Regulation no. 80 Economic analysis of civil liability insurance of employer for employees emphasizing the regulation No. 80 of the Supreme Council of Insurance. [Volume 24, Issue 11, 2017, Pages 107-131]
Regulatory Expropriation Environmental Liability of Foreign Investors and Its Impact on the Reduction of State Liability for Compensation [Volume 32, Issue 28, 2025, Pages 154-179]
Regulatory Institution Explaining the necessity of a comprehensive regulation, based on a critical review of internal scientific-research articles (2020-2023) [Volume 31, Issue 26, 2024, Pages 75-101]
Regulatory Strategies Legal Strategies for Agency Cost Reduction in Corporations [Volume 24, Issue 12, 2017, Pages 67-112]
Regulatory Tool Explaining the necessity of a comprehensive regulation, based on a critical review of internal scientific-research articles (2020-2023) [Volume 31, Issue 26, 2024, Pages 75-101]
Remedy Methods of Evaluating the Damages under Iranian and English Legal Systems and International Instruments [Volume 27, Issue 18, 2020, Pages 325-385]
Renewable Energy Upstream Documents and Regulations Related to Electricity Production by Renewable Energies in Iran [Volume 22, Issue 7, 2015]
Reprehensibility of Conduct Legal and Economic Analysis of Punitive Damages [Volume 24, Issue 11, 2017, Pages 132-159]
Resolution Assessing the Legal Challenges of the Bank Resolution Bill from a Comparative Perspective [Volume 32, Issue 28, 2025, Pages 211-229]
Reward Structure Implications of Violation of Property Rights on Investment Decisions [Volume 28, Issue 19, 2021, Pages 111-133]
Right of Access To Justice Economic Obstacles of Right of Access to Justice in Arbitration Tribunal [Volume 23, Issue 10, 2016, Pages 70-89]
Right to indemnification The Nature of Insurer's Liability and its Impact on Selection Method of "Recoupment" and the Principle of Subrogation [Volume 27, Issue 17, 2020, Pages 103-142]
Risk Incident and disaster: Review of danger's development and their,s compensate [Volume 20, Issue 3, 2013]
Risk Based Supervision (RBS) Improvement of effectiveness and efficiency of the Counter-Terrorism Financing (CTF) system by approval of the Risk Based Supervision (RBS) in the sector of Financial Institutions (FIs) [Volume 27, Issue 17, 2020, Pages 217-240]
Risk Management Practical measures for preventing and managing fraud risk in letter of credit [Volume 26, Issue 15, 2019, Pages 137-162]
Ronald Coase Agreement On Divorce In The Shadow Of Law: An Economic Analysis On The Negotiation Of Couples In Consensual Divorce In Iranian Legal System [Volume 32, Issue 28, 2025, Pages 5-24]
Rule of Law An Investigation of the Impact of Institutional Variable of Rule of Law on Economic Growth in D-8 Countries [Volume 21, Issue 5, 2014]
Rule of Law Theoretical and Empirical Analysis of the Impact of the Rule of Law and the Contracts Enforcement on the Creation of export Advantage [Volume 28, Issue 19, 2021, Pages 186-213]
Rules of Origin The Concept of "Substantial Transformation" in Rules of Origin, with a Focus on the World Trade Organization (Wto) Agreement On Rules of Origin [Volume 31, Issue 25, 2024, Pages 98-122]

S

Sanction Non-Legal Sanctions in Soft Law [Volume 21, Issue 5, 2014]
Sanction Economic Efficiency Analysis of Inopposability [Volume 30, Issue 23, 2023, Pages 81-94]
Sanctions Transaction and Lawsuit based on Market Manipulation in the Stock Exchange [Volume 25, Issue 13, 2018, Pages 45-68]
Sanctions Capital Flow in International Law: Assessment of Iran's Foreign Investment Sanction [Volume 27, Issue 17, 2020, Pages 143-170]
Scope of Knowledge Apparent Ownership [Volume 23, Issue 9, 2016, Pages 113-134]
Securities The Jurisprudential and Legal Feasibility of Endowment of Securities Based on The Teachings of Economic Law [Volume 31, Issue 25, 2024, Pages 167-182]
Securities Disclosure The Foundations of Dutyto Disclose theInformation on Securities Transactions [Volume 24, Issue 12, 2017, Pages 139-174]
Securities Law The Foundations of Dutyto Disclose theInformation on Securities Transactions [Volume 24, Issue 12, 2017, Pages 139-174]
Security Study Of Economical referent object of security Of Individuals meanwhile of Imamiya jurisprudencial Law [Volume 21, Issue 6, 2014]
Self-Dealing Transaction Legal Strategies for Agency Cost Reduction in Corporations [Volume 24, Issue 12, 2017, Pages 67-112]
Semantic seduction Investigating the Dimensions of Misleading Advertisements in the Validation of Fair Trade: Introducing a Legal-Conceptual Model based on Jurisprudence [Volume 30, Issue 23, 2023, Pages 1-16]
Separation of ownership from control The Causes of Bankruptcy in the US Enron Company with Emphasis on American Corporates Law [Volume 22, Issue 7, 2015]
Shareholders Multiparty arbitration in intra-corporate disputes [Volume 29, Issue 21, 2022, Pages 268-302]
Single-Member Company Comparative Review of Single-Member Company in Iran Legal System [Volume 22, Issue 8, 2015, Pages 1-22]
SMEs Investigating the Legal Aspects of the Initial Coin Offering: The New Method of Financing on the Blockchain Platform in Iran [Volume 30, Issue 24, 2023, Pages 110-128]
Social Control Non-Legal Sanctions in Soft Law [Volume 21, Issue 5, 2014]
Social Crimes The Influence of Inflation and Economic Inequality in Increasing the Crime of Theft (Copula Approach) [Volume 30, Issue 24, 2023, Pages 79-96]
Social security The approach of the Iranian penal system to Fraudulent use of insurance benefits (Comparison of Social Security Law with Compulsory Third Party Insurance Law2016) [Volume 28, Issue 19, 2021, Pages 1-36]
Social security An analysis of principles, Challenges and strategies to improve the quality of act , with the emphasize on social security legislation [Volume 28, Issue 19, 2021, Pages 258-291]
Social Welfare The Theoretical Foundations of the End of Financial Rights Arising from Inventions: An Economic Approach [Volume 32, Issue 28, 2025, Pages 230-249]
Social Welfare Theory Economic analysis of the bodily damages supply Fund in the light of "Efficiency" and "Cost-Benefit" principles [Volume 30, Issue 23, 2023, Pages 67-79]
Soft Law Non-Legal Sanctions in Soft Law [Volume 21, Issue 5, 2014]
Sovereign Wealth Funds Analysis of the Nature and Legal Framework of Foreign Sovereign Wealth Funds in Iran's Capital Market with a Look at International Instruments [Volume 32, Issue 28, 2025, Pages 250-271]
Spam Unsolicited Commercial Message (Spam): Prohibited or Permitted? [Volume 30, Issue 24, 2023, Pages 63-78]
Specific Performance Investigating the Efficiency of the Precedence of Enforcement to Specific Performance over the Termination of Contract within Iranian and American Law [Volume 24, Issue 11, 2017, Pages 84-106]
Standard Contract The Necessity of Monitoring on Privatization in Line with the Principle of Balancing Triple Interests [Volume 27, Issue 18, 2020, Pages 251-274]
State Legal Requirements of Private Banking and lnuestigatin Them in Iran Legal System [Volume 19, Issue 1, 2012]
State Company Comparative Review of Single-Member Company in Iran Legal System [Volume 22, Issue 8, 2015, Pages 1-22]
State-owned Enterprise The legal nature of Civil Servants Pension Fund's Assets [Volume 31, Issue 26, 2024, Pages 203-219]
State Ownership The legal and economic effects of Interference Elimination Commission of the code of the Elimination of Barriers to Competitive Production and the Upgrading of the Country's Financial System and related Regulations [Volume 28, Issue 19, 2021, Pages 236-257]
Stock Brokers Association The Role of the Stock Exchange and Securities Brokers Association in Compromise and Reduction of Cases Arbitration Board : the Hybirid Artificial Neural Network and Imperialist Competitive Algorithm [Volume 30, Issue 24, 2023, Pages 191-216]
Stock Exchange The Crime of Proceeds of front Running in Exchanges: An Obstacle for Efficiency of Capital Market [Volume 28, Issue 19, 2021, Pages 214-235]
Stock Exchange Act A Study of How Tehran Stock Exchange Law Implementation Affects the Behavior of Financial Analysts:( a case study of member companies of the investment industry group accepted into Tehran Stock Exchange) [Volume 23, Issue 9, 2016, Pages 85-112]
Stock Exchanges Comparative Study and Analysis of Elements, Results and Aspects of the Financial - Legal of the Securitie's Cross-listing in The Tehran Stock Exchange (Focusing on Islamic Republic of Iran and US law) [Volume 27, Issue 18, 2020, Pages 129-164]
Strategic Investor Rules Governing the Entry and Exit of Foreign Investors in the Iranian Capital Market [Volume 25, Issue 13, 2018, Pages 1-20]
Structural Independence Economic Interpretation of Subsidiary Units Natur and Efficient Access to the Parent Company ( Comparative Study in United States, England and Iran ) [Volume 30, Issue 24, 2023, Pages 129-142]
Structure A comparative study of the duties of insurance supervisory in Iran and selected countries [Volume 30, Issue 23, 2023, Pages 163-185]
Subsidy Economic Analysis of Tax and Subsidy Policies and Regulations in Iranian Financial Markets with a Distributive Justice Approach Based on Kaldor–Hicks Efficiency Theory [Volume 29, Issue 22, 2022, Pages 142-113]
Substantial conditions of innovation Analysis and assessment of warranty of validity in license contract [Volume 27, Issue 17, 2020, Pages 25-44]
Substantial Transformation The Concept of "Substantial Transformation" in Rules of Origin, with a Focus on the World Trade Organization (Wto) Agreement On Rules of Origin [Volume 31, Issue 25, 2024, Pages 98-122]
Supervision Improvement of effectiveness and efficiency of the Counter-Terrorism Financing (CTF) system by approval of the Risk Based Supervision (RBS) in the sector of Financial Institutions (FIs) [Volume 27, Issue 17, 2020, Pages 217-240]
Supervision A comparative study of the duties of insurance supervisory in Iran and selected countries [Volume 30, Issue 23, 2023, Pages 163-185]
Supply chain The Nature and Characteristics of Relational Contracts with an Emphasis on Their Functions in the Supply Chain and Outsourcing [Volume 33, Issue 29, 2026, Pages 223-244]
Supply chain management The Nature and Characteristics of Relational Contracts with an Emphasis on Their Functions in the Supply Chain and Outsourcing [Volume 33, Issue 29, 2026, Pages 223-244]
Surface Runoff Legal and economic analysis of surface runoff losses and how to compensate [Volume 29, Issue 21, 2022, Pages 380-422]
Sustainability Governance Corporate Social Responsibility under Iranian Law and European Union Law following the Adoption of the 2024 European Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive [Volume 32, Issue 27, 2025, Pages 217-241]
Sustainable agriculture Comparative Analysis of Contract Farming in Iran in the Context of Enhancing Economic Efficiency and Sustainable Agricultural Development [Volume 32, Issue 28, 2025, Pages 104-125]
Sustainable development International sustainable development law, from lexfranda to lexlata [Volume 19, Issue 2, 2012]
Sustainable development Green economy: a step towards sustainable development in international law [Volume 21, Issue 6, 2014]
Sustainable development TheChallenge of Theoretical and Practical Status of Human Rights in the System of the World Bank [Volume 25, Issue 13, 2018, Pages 101-130]
Sustainable development Constitutionalization of Sustainable Production and Consumption [Volume 26, Issue 15, 2019, Pages 10-136]
Sustainable development A Reflection on the Effects of Regulatory Governments on the Right to Sustainable Development [Volume 29, Issue 22, 2022, Pages 70-43]
Sustainable development Corporate Social Responsibility under Iranian Law and European Union Law following the Adoption of the 2024 European Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive [Volume 32, Issue 27, 2025, Pages 217-241]
Sustainable development Green Economy through the Lens of International Human Rights Law: A Sustainable and Responsible Approach [Volume 32, Issue 28, 2025, Pages 62-85]
Sustainable Development Mechanism The Obligations of Transnational Corporations to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions in the Framework of Market-Based Mechanisms With an Emphasis on Judicial Procedure (From the Jonah Gamber Decision to Advisory Opinions) [Volume 32, Issue 28, 2025, Pages 126-153]

T

Takeover A Comparative Study of the Effects of Takeover on Directors and Shareholders in England and Iranian Law [Volume 29, Issue 22, 2022, Pages 208-179]
Takeover Effects A Comparative Study of the Effects of Takeover on Directors and Shareholders in England and Iranian Law [Volume 29, Issue 22, 2022, Pages 208-179]
Takingover Commercial Rivals Sorces Concept and Scope of External Extension in Corporations [Volume 23, Issue 9, 2016, Pages 134-160]
Tax The legal study about Ex officio Assessment and Enforcement of tax; Symbols of Taxation Public Power in Iranian Tax Law [Volume 19, Issue 2, 2012]
Taxation public power The legal study about Ex officio Assessment and Enforcement of tax; Symbols of Taxation Public Power in Iranian Tax Law [Volume 19, Issue 2, 2012]
Tax Exemption (JEL: k & m) The effectiveness of legal mechanisms for entrepreneurship development on consumer protection [Volume 28, Issue 19, 2021, Pages 160-185]
Tax system The legal study about Ex officio Assessment and Enforcement of tax; Symbols of Taxation Public Power in Iranian Tax Law [Volume 19, Issue 2, 2012]
Tax system Pathological analysis of Afghanistan’s tax system in the light of tax principles [Volume 31, Issue 26, 2024, Pages 185-202]
Territorialism Vagueness in International Insolvency; In Search of Proper Theory [Volume 20, Issue 3, 2013]
The driver who caused the accident Assessing the financing of the driver compensation system in the light of the Compulsory Insurance Law approved in 2016 [Volume 29, Issue 21, 2022, Pages 423-448]
The Islamic Republic of Iran Capital Flow in International Law: Assessment of Iran's Foreign Investment Sanction [Volume 27, Issue 17, 2020, Pages 143-170]
Theory The study of Characteristic personal and economic of the Obligations in Civil Law with Comparative Study in French Law [Volume 19, Issue 1, 2012, Pages 148-173]
Theory of Act on the Appearance Apparent Ownership [Volume 23, Issue 9, 2016, Pages 113-134]
Theory of Loss of Opportunity Establishing Causation in civil liability lawsuits derived from violation of the securities market disclosure requirements (with a comparative study of US and French law) [Volume 27, Issue 18, 2020, Pages 165-202]
The principle of ability citation contract Liability adjustment and increasing caution in contract execution in Efficient Breach theory in French Reform of the law of obligations, Iran, and Common law [Volume 29, Issue 22, 2022, Pages 255-209]
The principle of economic stability preservation Analysis of Tax Crimes in the Direct Taxation Law from the Perspective of the Principle of Economic Stability Preservation [Volume 32, Issue 27, 2025, Pages 113-132]
The Principle of Privity of Contracts The Validity of Indemnity for the Manufacturer by the Consumer (A Comparative Study in the Legal Systems of Iran and England) [Volume 33, Issue 29, 2026, Pages 77-90]
The principle of transparency The role of transparency in preventing economic crimes [Volume 31, Issue 25, 2024, Pages 57-79]
The rule of seeks Economic rights of the trade creditors in order to avoid debt [Volume 20, Issue 3, 2013]
Third Party Beneficiary Legal Analysis of the Nature of Letters of Credit [Volume 29, Issue 21, 2022, Pages 85-116]
Token Investigating the Legal Aspects of the Initial Coin Offering: The New Method of Financing on the Blockchain Platform in Iran [Volume 30, Issue 24, 2023, Pages 110-128]
Trade dress Protection of Products Design and Packaging in the Form of Branches of Intellectual Property Rights [Volume 23, Issue 10, 2016, Pages 90-111]
Trades The Crime of Proceeds of front Running in Exchanges: An Obstacle for Efficiency of Capital Market [Volume 28, Issue 19, 2021, Pages 214-235]
Traditional public policy The Remedy of Contracts with Illegal Purpose as a Means to Protect Traditional and Economic Public Policy [Volume 23, Issue 9, 2016, Pages 1-29]
Transaction cost Economic Analysis of the Foundations of the Numerus Clausus of Property Rights Principle [Volume 27, Issue 18, 2020, Pages 81-102]
Transaction Costs Environmental and Human Factors of Real Estate Transactions Costs and Control Measures in Iran Registration Law [Volume 23, Issue 10, 2016, Pages 1-20]
Transaction for evading debt An Analysis to Legal Status of Kinds of Bankrupt’s Fictitious and with Conspiracy Transactions; Lack of Complete Coordination between Bankrupt’s Transactions Nullity Causes and Causes of Culpable Bankruptcy [Volume 29, Issue 21, 2022, Pages 117-149]
Transaction Intended to Escape from Payment Economic Analysis of the Transaction Intended to Escape from Payment in the Iranian Legal System [Volume 27, Issue 18, 2020, Pages 203-222]
Transactions revocable by the court An Analysis to Legal Status of Kinds of Bankrupt’s Fictitious and with Conspiracy Transactions; Lack of Complete Coordination between Bankrupt’s Transactions Nullity Causes and Causes of Culpable Bankruptcy [Volume 29, Issue 21, 2022, Pages 117-149]
Transnational Corporations The Obligations of Transnational Corporations to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions in the Framework of Market-Based Mechanisms With an Emphasis on Judicial Procedure (From the Jonah Gamber Decision to Advisory Opinions) [Volume 32, Issue 28, 2025, Pages 126-153]
Transnational Crime The Requirements of Combatting Money-Laundering in Iranian Criminal Law in the Light of Transnational Criminal Law [Volume 25, Issue 14, 2018, Pages 121-156]
Transnational Criminal Law The Requirements of Combatting Money-Laundering in Iranian Criminal Law in the Light of Transnational Criminal Law [Volume 25, Issue 14, 2018, Pages 121-156]
Transparency Transparency Principle in Iran’s Public Procurement in the Light of WTO and EU Rules [Volume 27, Issue 18, 2020, Pages 295-324]
Transparency The Position of Transparency in the Recent Developments of Arbitration Based on Investment Treaties [Volume 29, Issue 22, 2022, Pages 42-1]
Transparency Risks The Position of Transparency in the Recent Developments of Arbitration Based on Investment Treaties [Volume 29, Issue 22, 2022, Pages 42-1]
Treaty-based arbitration Make a counterclaim in treaty-based investment arbitration [Volume 33, Issue 29, 2026, Pages 111-131]
Tying (Tie-in) Sale Tying Clause in a Franchise Contract from the View of Competition Law: A Comparative Study in Iran and US Law [Volume 23, Issue 10, 2016, Pages 21-38]

U

Ultra Vires Transactions Critical Analysis of Legislative Gaps and Legal Ambiguities in the Governance Structure of Cooperative Companies in Iran [Volume 32, Issue 28, 2025, Pages 25-39]
Unanimous Verdict Number 821 Challenges of the Distinction Criteria between Evident Deception and Grosser Fraud in the Unanimous Verdict of 821 from a Legal-Economic Standpoint [Volume 31, Issue 26, 2024, Pages 56-74]
Unauthorized Transactions Apparent Ownership [Volume 23, Issue 9, 2016, Pages 113-134]
Uncultivated Land The legal and economic effects of Interference Elimination Commission of the code of the Elimination of Barriers to Competitive Production and the Upgrading of the Country's Financial System and related Regulations [Volume 28, Issue 19, 2021, Pages 236-257]
Unfair Competition Critical Analysis of Legislative Gaps and Legal Ambiguities in the Governance Structure of Cooperative Companies in Iran [Volume 32, Issue 28, 2025, Pages 25-39]
Unfair competition law Protection of Products Design and Packaging in the Form of Branches of Intellectual Property Rights [Volume 23, Issue 10, 2016, Pages 90-111]
Unfair conditions Government intervention in unfair terms based on economic analysis of contracts [Volume 27, Issue 18, 2020, Pages 275-294]
UNIDROIT Principles Comparative Analysis of Contract Farming in Iran in the Context of Enhancing Economic Efficiency and Sustainable Agricultural Development [Volume 32, Issue 28, 2025, Pages 104-125]
Unified Judicial Precedent The Maximum Amount of Penalty Clause in Monetary Obligations with a Critical Approach to the Supreme Court's Unified Judicial Precedent No. 805 [Volume 29, Issue 22, 2022, Pages 348-321]
Unilateral Refusal to License Unilateral Refusal to License Patent: Comparative Review of Competition Law Approaches in American, EU and Iranian Law [Volume 22, Issue 7, 2015]
United State's law Comparative Study and Analysis of Elements, Results and Aspects of the Financial - Legal of the Securitie's Cross-listing in The Tehran Stock Exchange (Focusing on Islamic Republic of Iran and US law) [Volume 27, Issue 18, 2020, Pages 129-164]
Units with specific purposes The Causes of Bankruptcy in the US Enron Company with Emphasis on American Corporates Law [Volume 22, Issue 7, 2015]
Universalism Vagueness in International Insolvency; In Search of Proper Theory [Volume 20, Issue 3, 2013]
Unsolicited Commercial Message Unsolicited Commercial Message (Spam): Prohibited or Permitted? [Volume 30, Issue 24, 2023, Pages 63-78]
Upstream Oil Contracts Analysis Previous actions of the contractor to reduce environmental risks in upstream oil contracts [Volume 30, Issue 23, 2023, Pages 117-131]
Utilitarian Theory The Theoretical Foundations of the End of Financial Rights Arising from Inventions: An Economic Approach [Volume 32, Issue 28, 2025, Pages 230-249]
Utility Investigating the Efficiency of the Precedence of Enforcement to Specific Performance over the Termination of Contract within Iranian and American Law [Volume 24, Issue 11, 2017, Pages 84-106]

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